Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
J Clin Nurs. 2018 May;27(9-10):1812-1825. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14101. Epub 2017 Dec 4.
This study evaluates the clinical effectiveness of a multicomponent aroma-massage with an acupressure treatment protocol and compared it to cognitive training for the management of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia.
Pharmacological interventions have been unsatisfactory in managing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia; thus, complementary and alternative medicine has been extensively researched to identify an adjunct safe and cost-effective intervention.
This randomised clinical trial utilised a three-arm parallel group design. Cognitive training was used as a conventional intervention to manage behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, whereas exercise was considered "treatment as usual" in this study; both were used as comparisons with the experimental protocol. There were three treatment groups: Group 1: aroma-massage with acupressure + exercise, Group 2: cognitive training + exercise and Group 3: aroma-massage with acupressure + cognitive training.
Sixty older adults were recruited and randomly assigned to the three groups (20 each). Using the 29-item Chinese Version of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Mini-mental State Examination and Barthel Index-20, the outcome measures were assessed at preintervention, postintervention and the 3-month follow-up to assess behaviour, Activities of Daily Living, cognition, and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia severity and distress. Multiple comparisons performed through repeated measures were analysed to detect between-group differences and within-subject differences, as well as the interaction effects between groups and times.
The Group 1 and 3 participants showed a significant reduction in the severity and distress caused by behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, whereas Group 2 did not demonstrate similar effects.
This clinical study suggests that aroma-massage with acupressure is as effective as cognitive training and can enhance cognitive training in reducing the severity and distress of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia.
Aroma-massage with acupressure may serve as an adjunct therapy to reduce behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. This therapy is safe, cost-effective and can be implemented by caregivers and family members who are not professionally trained.
本研究评估了一种多成分芳香按摩与穴位按压治疗方案的临床效果，并将其与认知训练进行比较，以管理痴呆的行为和心理症状。
药物干预在管理痴呆的行为和心理症状方面效果不佳；因此，广泛研究了补充和替代医学，以确定一种附加的安全且具有成本效益的干预措施。
这项随机临床试验采用了三臂平行组设计。认知训练被用作管理痴呆的行为和心理症状的常规干预措施，而在本研究中，运动被认为是“常规治疗”；两者都被用作与实验方案的比较。有三个治疗组：第 1 组：芳香按摩加穴位按压+运动，第 2 组：认知训练+运动，第 3 组：芳香按摩加穴位按压+认知训练。
招募了 60 名老年人，并将他们随机分配到三组（每组 20 名）。使用 29 项中文版 Cohen-Mansfield 激越量表、神经精神问卷、简易精神状态检查和巴氏指数-20，在干预前、干预后和 3 个月随访时评估结果测量，以评估行为、日常生活活动、认知以及痴呆的行为和心理症状的严重程度和困扰。通过重复测量进行的多次比较分析用于检测组间差异、个体内差异以及组间和时间间的相互作用效应。
第 1 组和第 3 组参与者的痴呆行为和心理症状的严重程度和困扰明显减轻，而第 2 组则没有表现出类似的效果。
这项临床研究表明，芳香按摩加穴位按压与认知训练一样有效，可以增强认知训练，降低痴呆的行为和心理症状的严重程度和困扰。
芳香按摩加穴位按压可以作为一种辅助治疗方法，以减轻痴呆的行为和心理症状。这种疗法安全、具有成本效益，并且可以由未经专业培训的护理人员和家庭成员实施。
