Departamento de Psicología Clínica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Camilo José Cela, Madrid, Spain.
Psychiatry Res. 2017 Dec;258:51-58. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.09.055. Epub 2017 Sep 24.
Adversity has been identified as an important factor in models of psychopathology and can help in understanding persecutory ideation, although potential moderators and mediators for adult psychopathology have not been sufficiently examined. Experiential avoidance (EA) and Self-esteem (SE) are relevant factors to understand how adversity leads to persecutory ideation. This study hypothesized that adversity would be associated with persecutory ideation through heightened EA, and that this association would be strengthened in individuals with a discrepant high SE. Participants with persecutory ideation (n = 52), with depression (n = 35) and healthy controls (n = 51) were assessed with the Trauma History Screen, the Paranoia and Deservedness Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. A SE discrepancy index was calculated subtracting the normalized explicit SE score from the normalized implicit SE score (measured by a version of a Go/No-go association task). Our analysis revealed that adversity was associated with higher levels of paranoia and was mediated by EA. In addition, we found that the relationship between adversity and EA was moderated by SE discrepancy. Identification of moderating and mediating variables allows for increased understanding of persecutory ideation and the processes that should be targeted in the course of recovery.
逆境被认为是精神病理学模型中的一个重要因素，它可以帮助理解被害妄想，尽管成人精神病理学的潜在调节因素和中介因素尚未得到充分研究。经验回避（EA）和自尊（SE）是理解逆境如何导致被害妄想的相关因素。本研究假设逆境通过增强 EA 与被害妄想相关联，而在 SE 差异较大的个体中，这种关联会增强。评估了有被害妄想的参与者（n = 52）、有抑郁的参与者（n = 35）和健康对照组（n = 51），使用创伤史筛查、妄想和应得感量表以及贝克抑郁量表。通过从正常显式 SE 分数中减去正常隐式 SE 分数来计算 SE 差异指数（通过 Go/No-go 联想任务的一个版本进行测量）。我们的分析表明，逆境与更高水平的妄想有关，并且通过 EA 来介导。此外，我们发现逆境和 EA 之间的关系受到 SE 差异的调节。识别调节和中介变量可以更好地理解被害妄想以及在康复过程中应针对的过程。
