Monsonet Manel, Ballespí Sergi, Sheinbaum Tamara, Valiente Carmen, Espinosa Regina, Kwapil Thomas Richard, Barrantes-Vidal Neus
Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Mar 15;12:623755. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.623755. eCollection 2021.
Self-concepts are being intensively investigated in relation to paranoia, but research has shown some contradictory findings. Studying subclinical phenomena in a non-clinical population should allow for a clearer understanding given that clinical confounding factors are avoided. We explored self-esteem, self-schemas, and implicit/explicit self-esteem discrepancies in three non-clinical groups with different psychopathological traits and a control group. Participants with elevated trait-paranoia ( = 41), depressive symptoms ( = 34), a combination of both traits ( = 32), and a control group ( = 71) were assessed on implicit and explicit self-esteem, self-schemas, depression, and paranoia. A dimensional approach with the total sample ( = 208) was also used to complement the information provided by the group approach. All groups presented similar and positive levels of implicit self-esteem. Trait-paranoia participants had similar levels of explicit self-esteem and self-schemas compared with the control group. However, the group with a combination of trait-paranoia and depressive symptoms showed the lowest levels of positive self-schemas and self-esteem. Furthermore, this group and the control group displayed implicit/explicit self-esteem discrepancies, although in opposite directions and with different implications. The dimensional approach revealed associations of trait-paranoia and depressive symptoms with poor explicit self-esteem and self-schemas but not with implicit self-esteem. Trait-paranoia participants showed different self-representations depending on whether depressive symptoms were present or not. The interaction between subclinical neurotic and psychotic traits entailed a detrimental self-representation that might increase the risk for psychopathology.
目前正在针对偏执狂对自我概念进行深入研究，但研究结果存在一些矛盾之处。鉴于避免了临床混杂因素，在非临床人群中研究亚临床现象应有助于更清晰地理解。我们在三个具有不同心理病理特征的非临床组和一个对照组中探讨了自尊、自我图式以及内隐/外显自尊差异。对特质偏执水平升高的参与者（n = 41）、有抑郁症状的参与者（n = 34）、兼具两种特质的参与者（n = 32）以及一个对照组（n = 71）进行了内隐和外显自尊、自我图式、抑郁和偏执方面的评估。还采用了针对总样本（n = 208）的维度分析方法来补充分组分析所提供的信息。所有组的内隐自尊水平都相似且呈积极状态。与对照组相比，特质偏执的参与者在显式自尊和自我图式方面水平相似。然而，兼具特质偏执和抑郁症状的组在积极自我图式和自尊方面水平最低。此外，该组和对照组存在内隐/外显自尊差异，尽管方向相反且含义不同。维度分析显示特质偏执和抑郁症状与较差的显式自尊和自我图式相关，但与内隐自尊无关。特质偏执的参与者根据是否存在抑郁症状表现出不同的自我表征。亚临床神经症和精神病性特质之间的相互作用导致了有害的自我表征，这可能会增加心理病理学风险。
