Robson Ian, Holland Wayne S, Friberg Per
UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK.
Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK.
R Soc Open Sci. 2017 Sep 6;4(9):170754. doi: 10.1098/rsos.170754. eCollection 2017 Sep.
The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) has been the world's most successful single-dish telescope at submillimetre wavelengths since it began operations in 1987. From the pioneering days of single-element photometers and mixers, through to the state-of-the-art imaging and spectroscopic cameras, the JCMT has been associated with a number of major scientific discoveries. Famous for the discovery of 'SCUBA' galaxies, which are responsible for a large fraction of the far-infrared background, the JCMT has pushed the sensitivity limits arguably more than any other facility in this most difficult of wavebands in which to observe. Closer to home, the first images of huge discs of cool debris around nearby stars gave us clues to the evolution of planetary systems, further evidence of the importance of studying astrophysics in the submillimetre region. Now approaching the 30th anniversary of the first observations, the telescope continues to carry out unique and innovative science. In this review article, we look back on some of the major scientific highlights from the past 30 years.
自1987年投入使用以来,詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦望远镜(JCMT)一直是世界上在亚毫米波段最成功的单镜面望远镜。从单元素光度计和混频器的开创时期,到最先进的成像和光谱相机,JCMT与许多重大科学发现相关联。JCMT以发现“SCUBA”星系而闻名,这些星系构成了远红外背景的很大一部分,在这个最难观测的波段中,JCMT对灵敏度极限的突破可能超过了任何其他设施。在更贴近我们的领域,首张关于附近恒星周围巨大冷尘埃盘的图像为我们提供了行星系统演化的线索,进一步证明了在亚毫米区域研究天体物理学的重要性。如今,距离首次观测将近30周年,该望远镜继续开展独特且创新的科学研究。在这篇综述文章中,我们回顾过去3 decades的一些主要科学亮点。 (注:原文中“30th anniversary of the first observations”直译为“首次观测的30周年”,这里意译为“首次观测将近30周年”更符合语境;“30 years”在结合前文及语境推测这里应该是“30年”,但原文表述可能有误,若按原文则这里翻译为“3 decades”更合适,整体译文根据推测做了相应调整,供你参考。)