First and third authors: Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville; and second author: Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville.
Phytopathology. 2018 Apr;108(4):424-435. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-07-17-0260-RVW. Epub 2018 Jan 24.
Huanglongbing (HLB; "citrus greening" disease) has caused significant damages to the global citrus industry as it has become well established in leading citrus-producing regions and continues to spread worldwide. Insecticidal control has been a critical component of HLB disease management, as there is a direct relationship between vector control and Candidatus Liberibacter spp. (i.e., the HLB pathogen) titer in HLB-infected citrus trees. In recent years, there have been substantial efforts to develop practical strategies for specifically managing Ca. Liberibacter spp.; however, a literature review on the outcomes of such attempts is still lacking. This work summarizes the greenhouse and field studies that have documented the effects and implications of chemical-based treatments (i.e., applications of broad-spectrum antibiotics, small molecule compounds) and nonchemical measures (i.e., applications of plant-beneficial compounds, applications of inorganic fertilizers, biological control, thermotherapy) for phytopathogen control. The ongoing challenges associated with mitigating Ca. Liberibacter spp. populations at the field-scale, such as the seasonality of the phytopathogen and associated HLB disease symptoms, limitations for therapeutics to contact the phytopathogen in planta, adverse impacts of broad-spectrum treatments on plant-beneficial microbiota, and potential implications on public and ecosystem health, are also discussed.
黄龙病（HLB；“柑橘绿化病”）已在主要柑橘产区广泛传播，并在全球范围内继续蔓延，对全球柑橘产业造成了重大损失。由于与柑橘黄龙病相关的韧皮部杆菌（即 HLB 病原体）滴度与媒介昆虫控制之间存在直接关系，因此，杀虫防治一直是 HLB 疾病管理的重要组成部分。近年来，人们为专门管理 Ca. Liberibacter spp. 做出了巨大努力；然而，对于此类尝试的结果，仍然缺乏文献综述。这项工作总结了温室和田间研究，这些研究记录了基于化学的处理（即广谱抗生素、小分子化合物的应用）和非化学措施（即植物有益化合物的应用、无机肥料的应用、生物防治、热疗）对植物病原体控制的效果和影响。目前仍存在一些挑战，例如病原体的季节性及其相关的 HLB 疾病症状、治疗方法在植物体内接触病原体的局限性、广谱处理对植物有益微生物群落的不利影响，以及对公共和生态健康的潜在影响，这些都限制了在田间范围内减轻 Ca. Liberibacter spp. 种群的能力。
