Ullah Zabih, Athar Mohammad T, Samad Abdus
Department of Research, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India.
Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov. 2017;12(2):128-137. doi: 10.2174/1574891X12666171006105409.
The diseases tuberculosis, triggered by intracellular pathogens, is a major problem for the global medical professionals. Treatments for these diseases through conventional dosage form consist of long-term therapy with multiple drugs, leading to several side effects and contribute to low patient compliance and drug resistance. The pathogens are found to be situated in the intracellular compartments of the cells, which ultimately results in additional blockades to effective treatment. Therefore, improved and more efficient therapies for such intracellular diseases are required.
This review discusses the potential of nanomedicine and related patents to improve intracellular disease chemotherapy. To complete the objective, we searched bibliographic databases of indexed literature using a focused and structured criteria. The quality and characteristics of selected papers were assessed using standard parameters with qualitative analysis having a conceptual framework.
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems are suitable for the treatment of illnesses, such as tuberculosis. Due to the unique size-dependent properties, nanocarriers such as nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes and microspheres offer the opportunity to develop new therapeutic and diagnostic tools. The ability to integrate drugs into nanosystems displays a new standard in pharmacotherapy that could be used for cell-targeted drug therapy. Experimental data showed the possibility of intermittent chemotherapy with main antituberculosis drugs by employing nanocarriers. Besides the advantage of the controlled release of medications in organs, the other benefits of the nanocarriers include the possibility of various routes of therapy, reduction in drug dosage and adverse effects, reduced possibility of drug interactions, and drug-resistant targeting. Published literature including patented studies suggests that nanomedicine mediated drug delivery may improve tuberculosis chemotherapy by offering benefits such as targeting to the specific organs, sustained and controlled drug release, tuberculosis diagnosis, drug delivery to the pathogen's intracellular location, and tuberculosis vaccine development.
The properties of nanomedicine may prove beneficial in developing improved, efficacious or alternative therapies for tuberculosis diseases.
由细胞内病原体引发的结核病，是全球医学专业人员面临的一个重大问题。通过传统剂型治疗这些疾病需要多种药物进行长期治疗，这会导致多种副作用，进而导致患者依从性低和产生耐药性。人们发现病原体位于细胞的细胞内区室中，这最终给有效治疗带来了额外障碍。因此，需要改进并提高针对此类细胞内疾病的治疗方法。
本综述讨论了纳米医学及相关专利在改善细胞内疾病化疗方面的潜力。为实现这一目标，我们使用重点突出且结构化的标准搜索了索引文献的书目数据库。使用具有概念框架的定性分析标准参数评估所选论文的质量和特征。
基于纳米颗粒的药物递送系统适用于治疗诸如结核病等疾病。由于纳米载体（如纳米颗粒、脂质体、非离子表面活性剂泡囊和微球）具有独特的尺寸依赖性特性，它们为开发新的治疗和诊断工具提供了机会。将药物整合到纳米系统中的能力展现了药物治疗的新标准，可用于细胞靶向药物治疗。实验数据表明，通过使用纳米载体，主要抗结核药物进行间歇化疗具有可能性。除了在器官中药物控释的优势外，纳米载体的其他益处还包括多种治疗途径的可能性、药物剂量和不良反应的减少、药物相互作用可能性的降低以及耐药靶向性。包括专利研究在内的已发表文献表明，纳米医学介导的药物递送可能通过提供诸如靶向特定器官、持续和可控药物释放、结核病诊断、将药物递送至病原体的细胞内位置以及开发结核病疫苗等益处来改善结核病化疗。
纳米医学的特性可能在开发改进的、有效的或替代的结核病治疗方法方面被证明是有益的。
