University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
J Control Release. 2014 Jun 28;184:36-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.009. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
With almost 30% of the world population suffering from tuberculosis (TB) including its resurgence in the developed world, better management of this global threat is highly desired. The emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) against first-line drugs and extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB) due to misuse of second-line antitubercular drugs (ATDs) is a further concern. Recommended treatment involves long term and multiple drug therapy with severe side effects. In this context, nanostructured systems efficiently encapsulating considerable amounts of ATDs, eliciting controlled, sustained and more profound effect to overcome the need to administer ATDs at high and frequent doses, would assist in improving patient compliance and circumvent hepatotoxicity and/or nephrotoxicity/ocular toxicity/ototoxicity associated with the prevalent first-line chemotherapy. Nanostructured delivery systems constitute a wide range of systems varying from liposomes, micelles, micro- and nanoemulsions, to polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). Improved bioavailability, solubility, stability and biocompatibility make them an ideal choice for delivery of ATDs. Present review comprehensively covers research carried out on first-line antitubercular drug therapy using these nanostructured systems.
由于世界上近 30%的人口患有结核病（TB），包括其在发达国家的死灰复燃，因此人们非常希望更好地管理这一全球性威胁。由于二线抗结核药物（ATD）的滥用，出现了耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）和广泛耐药结核病（XDR-TB），这是另一个令人担忧的问题。推荐的治疗方法包括长期和多种药物治疗，副作用严重。在这种情况下，能够有效封装大量 ATD 的纳米结构系统，引发可控、持续和更深远的效果，从而克服了以高剂量和频繁剂量给药的需要，将有助于提高患者的依从性，并避免与现行一线化疗相关的肝毒性和/或肾毒性/眼毒性/耳毒性。纳米结构给药系统包括从脂质体、胶束、微乳液和纳米乳液到聚合物纳米颗粒（PNP）和固体脂质纳米颗粒（SLN）等多种系统。改善的生物利用度、溶解度、稳定性和生物相容性使它们成为 ATD 给药的理想选择。本综述全面涵盖了使用这些纳米结构系统进行一线抗结核药物治疗的研究。
