Upsilon, Assistant Professor, New York University, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA.
Mathematical Statistician, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Division of Biometrics III, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2018 Jan;50(1):83-91. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12347. Epub 2017 Oct 9.
To examine the trends in baccalaureate (bachelor of science in nursing)-prepared registered nurses (BSN RNs) in U.S. acute care hospital units and to project the growth in the number of BSN RNs by 2020.
This is a longitudinal study using the Registered Nurse Education Indicators data (2004-2013) from the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators.
The level of BSN RNs in each unit was operationalized as the proportion of nurses holding a baccalaureate degree or higher among all the nurses in a unit. Our sample included 12,194 unit-years from 2,126 units of six cohorts in 377 U.S. acute care hospitals. A hierarchical linear regression model was used to examine the trends in BSN RNs and to project future growth in the number of BSN RNs when controlling for hospital and unit characteristics and considering repeated measures in units over time and clustering of units within hospitals.
The proportion of BSN RNs in U.S. acute care hospital units increased from 44% in 2004 to 57% in 2013 (a 30% increase); when combining all cohorts, this rate increased from 44% in 2009 to 51% in 2013. On average, the proportion of BSN RNs in a unit increased by 1.3% annually before 2010 and by 1.9% each year from 2010 on. The percentage of units having at least 80% of their nurses with a baccalaureate degree or higher increased from 3% in 2009 to 7% in 2013. Based on the current trends, 64% of the nurses working in a hospital unit will have a baccalaureate degree by 2020, and 22% of the units will reach the 80% goal by 2020.
There was a significant increase in the proportion of BSN RNs in U.S. acute care hospital units over the past decade, particularly after 2010. However, given the current trends, it is unlikely that the goal of 80% nurses with a baccalaureate degree will be achieved by 2020.
The U.S. nursing workforce is under educational transformation in order to meet the increasing healthcare needs. To help accelerate this transformation, further advocacy, commitment, and investment are needed from all healthcare stakeholders (e.g., policymakers, executives and managers of healthcare facilities, nursing schools, etc.).
考察美国急症护理医院病房中护理学学士学位（护理科学学士）注册护士（BSN RN）的趋势，并预测到 2020 年 BSN RN 的数量增长情况。
这是一项使用国家护理质量指标数据库（2004-2013 年）中的注册护士教育指标数据进行的纵向研究。
每个病房中 BSN RN 的比例由单位内持有学士学位或更高学位的护士比例来操作。我们的样本包括来自美国 377 家急症护理医院的 6 个队列中的 2126 个病房的 12194 个单位年的数据。使用分层线性回归模型，在控制医院和单位特征的基础上，考虑单位随时间的重复测量和医院内单位的聚类，检验 BSN RN 的趋势，并预测未来 BSN RN 的数量增长。
美国急症护理医院病房中 BSN RN 的比例从 2004 年的 44%增加到 2013 年的 57%（增长 30%）；将所有队列合并后，这一比例从 2009 年的 44%增加到 2013 年的 51%。平均而言，2010 年前，一个单位中 BSN RN 的比例每年增加 1.3%，2010 年后每年增加 1.9%。至少有 80%护士持有学士学位或更高学位的单位比例从 2009 年的 3%增加到 2013 年的 7%。根据目前的趋势，到 2020 年，64%的护士将拥有学士学位，到 2020 年，22%的病房将达到 80%的目标。
在过去十年中，美国急症护理医院病房中 BSN RN 的比例显著增加，特别是 2010 年后。然而，考虑到目前的趋势，到 2020 年，80%的护士拥有学士学位的目标不太可能实现。
为了满足不断增长的医疗保健需求，美国护理劳动力正在经历教育转型。为了帮助加速这一转型，所有医疗保健利益相关者（如政策制定者、医疗保健设施的管理人员和经理、护理学校等）都需要进一步倡导、承诺和投资。
