Corrente Marialaura, Sangiorgio Giancarlo, Grandolfo Erika, Bodnar Livia, Catella Cristiana, Trotta Adriana, Martella Vito, Buonavoglia Domenico
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Strada Provinciale per Casamassima km.3, 70010 Valenzano, BA, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Strada Provinciale per Casamassima km.3, 70010 Valenzano, BA, Italy.
Prev Vet Med. 2017 Oct 1;146:73-78. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.07.014. Epub 2017 Jul 25.
Reptiles are becoming increasingly popular as pets. Those animals are reservoirs of a wide variety of Salmonella serotypes, that may be transmitted to warm-blooded animals, including humans. Accordingly, good hygiene practices related to husbandry are important for prevention of Reptile-associated salmonellosis (RAS). A cross-sectional study was conducted among reptile owners, by administration of a detailed questionnaire. In addition, the cloacal swabs of the sampled reptiles were screened for Salmonella spp. and the husbandry management practices were evaluated in order to assess any possible link between the presence of Salmonella spp. and the hygiene practices. The response rate to the questionnaire was 66.6% (100 out of 150 contacted owners). In 26 out of 100 families, members at risk of RAS (children and elderly) were present. One hundred animals were screened for the presence of Salmonella spp. The prevalence of Salmonella spp. carriers was 57% (Confidence interval 47-66%). Co-habitation of the animals with other reptiles in the same terrarium was associated with a 2-fold increase in the risk of infection by Salmonella spp.(Odds ratio=2.3, CI 1.2;13, p=0.02). Animals handled by owners that did not report washing their hands after the cleaning procedures or the handling were exposed to a 3-fold increase in the risk of infection (OR=3.1, CI 1.1;16, p=0.019). When drinking water was not replaced regularly, the animals were 7 times more exposed to infection (OR=6.8, CI 1.8;25, p=0.005). When the diet was constituted by rodents, 27 out of 48 reptiles (56.3%) were fed with live animals. In the present survey the typical reptile owner was a person, aware of ethological aspects of reptile husbandry but ignorant of some ethical recommendations and poorly informed about the health risks for himself and for the other family members. Prevention of RAS must rely mainly on information and education, with the veterinarian health bodies primarily involved in this difficult task.
爬行动物作为宠物越来越受欢迎。这些动物是多种沙门氏菌血清型的宿主，可能会传播给包括人类在内的温血动物。因此，与饲养相关的良好卫生习惯对于预防爬行动物相关沙门氏菌病（RAS）很重要。通过发放详细问卷对爬行动物主人进行了一项横断面研究。此外，对抽样爬行动物的泄殖腔拭子进行沙门氏菌属筛查，并对饲养管理做法进行评估，以评估沙门氏菌属的存在与卫生习惯之间的任何可能联系。问卷的回复率为66.6%（150名被联系的主人中有100名回复）。在100个家庭中的26个家庭里，存在有感染RAS风险的成员（儿童和老年人）。对100只动物进行了沙门氏菌属存在情况的筛查。沙门氏菌属携带者的患病率为57%（置信区间47 - 66%）。动物与同一饲养箱中的其他爬行动物同居会使感染沙门氏菌属的风险增加2倍（比值比 = 2.3，CI 1.2；13，p = 0.02）。主人在清洁程序或处理后未报告洗手的情况下处理的动物，感染风险增加3倍（OR = 3.1，CI 1.1；16，p = 0.019）。当饮用水不定期更换时，动物感染的风险高出7倍（OR = 6.8，CI 1.8；25，p = 0.005）。当饮食由啮齿动物组成时，48只爬行动物中有27只（56.3%）被喂食活体动物。在本次调查中，典型的爬行动物主人是一个了解爬行动物饲养行为学方面知识，但对一些伦理建议一无所知，并且对自身和其他家庭成员的健康风险了解不足的人。预防RAS必须主要依靠信息和教育，兽医卫生机构主要参与这项艰巨任务。
