Jones Bruce H, Hauret Keith G, Dye Shamola K, Hauschild Veronique D, Rossi Stephen P, Richardson Melissa D, Friedl Karl E
Army Public Health Center, Clinical Public Health and Epidemiology Directorate, Injury Prevention Division, United States.
Army Public Health Center, Clinical Public Health and Epidemiology Directorate, Injury Prevention Division, United States.
J Sci Med Sport. 2017 Nov;20 Suppl 4:S17-S22. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.015. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
To determine the combined effects of physical fitness and body composition on risk of training-related musculoskeletal injuries among Army trainees.
Retrospective cohort study.
Rosters of soldiers entering Army basic combat training (BCT) from 2010 to 2012 were linked with data from multiple sources for age, sex, physical fitness (heights, weights (mass), body mass index (BMI), 2 mile run times, push-ups), and medical injury diagnoses. Analyses included descriptive means and standard deviations, comparative t-tests, risks of injury, and relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Fitness and BMI were divided into quintiles (groups of 20%) and stratified for chi-square (χ) comparisons and to determine trends.
Data were obtained for 143,398 men and 41,727 women. As run times became slower, injury risks increased steadily (men=9.8-24.3%, women=26.5-56.0%; χ trends (p<0.00001)). For both genders, the relationship of BMI to injury risk was bimodal, with the lowest risk in the average BMI group (middle quintile). Injury risks were highest in the slowest groups with lowest BMIs (male trainees=26.5%; female trainees=63.1%). Compared to lowest risk group (average BMI with fastest run-times), RRs were significant (male trainees=8.5%; RR 3.1, CI: 2.8-3.4; female trainees=24.6%; RR 2.6, CI: 2.3-2.8). Trainees with the lowest BMIs exhibited highest injury risks for both genders and across all fitness levels.
While the most aerobically fit Army trainees experience lower risk of training-related injury, at any given aerobic fitness level those with the lowest BMIs are at highest risk. This has implications for recruitment and retention fitness standards.
确定身体素质和身体成分对陆军新兵训练相关肌肉骨骼损伤风险的综合影响。
回顾性队列研究。
将2010年至2012年进入陆军基础战斗训练（BCT）的士兵名册与来自多个来源的数据相链接，这些数据包括年龄、性别、身体素质（身高、体重、体重指数（BMI）、2英里跑步时间、俯卧撑次数）以及医疗损伤诊断。分析包括描述性均值和标准差、比较t检验、损伤风险、相对风险（RR）以及95%置信区间（CI）。将体能和BMI分为五分位数（每组20%），并进行分层以进行卡方（χ）比较并确定趋势。
获取了143398名男性和41727名女性的数据。随着跑步时间变慢，损伤风险稳步增加（男性为9.8%-24.3%，女性为26.5%-56.0%；χ趋势（p<0.00001））。对于男女两性，BMI与损伤风险的关系呈双峰型，平均BMI组（中间五分位数）风险最低。BMI最低且速度最慢的组损伤风险最高（男性新兵为26.5%；女性新兵为63.1%）。与风险最低组（平均BMI且跑步时间最快）相比，相对风险具有显著性（男性新兵为8.5%；RR 3.1，CI：2.8-3.4；女性新兵为24.6%；RR 2.6，CI：2.3-2.8）。BMI最低的新兵在所有体能水平下，男女两性的损伤风险均最高。
虽然有氧体能最佳的陆军新兵训练相关损伤风险较低，但在任何给定的有氧体能水平下，BMI最低者风险最高。这对招募和留用体能标准具有启示意义。
