Campese Vincent D, Kim Ian T, Rojas Gerardo, LeDoux Joseph E
Center for Neural Science, New York UniversityNew York, NY, United States.
Department of Neuroscience, Carthage CollegeKenosha, WI, United States.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2017 Sep 25;11:179. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00179. eCollection 2017.
Three studies explored the sensitivity of aversive Pavlovian to instrumental transfer (PIT) to Pavlovian extinction in rodents. Rats underwent Pavlovian conditioning prior to avoidance training. The PIT test then involved assessment of the effects of the Pavlovian conditioned stimulus (CS) on the performance of the avoidance response (AR). Conducting extinction prior to avoidance training and transfer testing, allowed spontaneous recovery and shock reinstatement of extinguished motivation, whereas conducting extinction following avoidance training and just prior to PIT testing successfully reduced transfer effects. This was also the case in a design that compared responding to an extinguished CS against a non-extinguished CS rather than comparing extinguished and non-extinguished groups to one another. While extinction treatments in many appetitive PIT studies do not successfully reduce transfer, and can sometimes enhance the effect, the current findings show that an extinction treatment temporally close to transfer testing can reduce the motivational impact of the aversive Pavlovian CS on instrumental avoidance responding.
三项研究探讨了啮齿动物中厌恶性巴甫洛夫式到工具性转移（PIT）对巴甫洛夫式消退的敏感性。大鼠在回避训练之前接受巴甫洛夫式条件反射。然后，PIT测试涉及评估巴甫洛夫式条件刺激（CS）对回避反应（AR）表现的影响。在回避训练和转移测试之前进行消退，允许消退动机的自发恢复和电击恢复，而在回避训练之后且就在PIT测试之前进行消退则成功降低了转移效应。在一个将对消退的CS的反应与未消退的CS的反应进行比较而不是将消退组和未消退组相互比较的设计中，情况也是如此。虽然在许多食欲性PIT研究中，消退处理并不能成功降低转移，有时甚至会增强这种效应，但目前的研究结果表明，在时间上接近转移测试的消退处理可以降低厌恶性巴甫洛夫式CS对工具性回避反应的动机影响。
