阿尔茨海默病中的谷氨酸传递与毒性

Glutamate transmission and toxicity in Alzheimer's disease.

Greenamyre J T, Maragos W F, Albin R L, Penney J B, Young A B

Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor.

Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1988;12(4):421-30. doi: 10.1016/0278-5846(88)90102-9.

Abstract

Despite intensive research, the cause of Alzheimer's disease is unknown. 2. Glutamate is the major excitatory transmitter of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and it appears to have an important role in learning and memory. In addition to its transmitter function, glutamate is a neurotoxin which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. 3. Glutamate toxicity may play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. 4. Disruption of glutamatergic neurotransmission may account, in part, for the learning and memory deficits of Alzheimer's disease. 5. Labeling of the glutamate receptor complex may allow in vivo diagnosis by positron emission tomography. 6. Glutamate receptor ligands may provide a means of therapeutic intervention in Alzheimer's disease.

摘要

尽管进行了深入研究，但阿尔茨海默病的病因仍不清楚。2. 谷氨酸是大脑皮层和海马体的主要兴奋性神经递质，它似乎在学习和记忆中发挥着重要作用。除了其神经递质功能外，谷氨酸还是一种神经毒素，与多种神经退行性疾病的发病机制有关。3. 谷氨酸毒性可能在阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中起作用。4. 谷氨酸能神经传递的破坏可能部分解释了阿尔茨海默病的学习和记忆缺陷。5. 谷氨酸受体复合物的标记可能允许通过正电子发射断层扫描进行体内诊断。6. 谷氨酸受体配体可能为阿尔茨海默病的治疗干预提供一种手段。