a State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research , Beijing Normal University , Beijing , China.
b Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences , Beijing Normal University , Beijing , China.
Soc Neurosci. 2019 Feb;14(1):53-66. doi: 10.1080/17470919.2017.1391119. Epub 2017 Oct 17.
Shame and guilt have been compared in many behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. However, the time course of shame and guilt processing remains unknown. We conducted an event-related potential (ERP) study to investigate the temporal dynamics of shame and guilt in an interpersonal context. Behaviorally, participants reported "shame" when their wrong advice was correctly rejected by a confederate, whereas reported "guilt" when their wrong advice resulted in economic loss of a confederate. The ERP results showed significant difference between the shame and guilt conditions in the early P2 component (140-220 ms) over the frontal region and the alpha oscillations (240-1000 ms) over the parietal region. No significant difference was found between the shame and guilt conditions in the N2, P3, and theta oscillations. These results supported previous findings that shame compared to guilt involves more self-referential processing, whereas guilt compared to shame involves more empathetic processing, and provided evidence that the distinction between shame and guilt could occur in an early stage.
羞耻和内疚在许多行为和功能磁共振成像研究中都被进行了比较。然而，羞耻和内疚处理的时间过程仍然未知。我们进行了一项事件相关电位 (ERP) 研究，以在人际环境中调查羞耻和内疚的时间动态。行为上，当参与者的错误建议被同伙正确拒绝时，他们报告“羞耻”，而当他们的错误建议导致同伙经济损失时，他们报告“内疚”。ERP 结果显示，在额区的早期 P2 成分（140-220 毫秒）和顶区的α振荡（240-1000 毫秒）中，羞耻和内疚条件之间存在显著差异。在 N2、P3 和θ振荡中，羞耻和内疚条件之间没有发现显著差异。这些结果支持了先前的发现，即与内疚相比，羞耻涉及更多的自我参照处理，而与羞耻相比，内疚涉及更多的同理心处理，并提供了证据表明羞耻和内疚之间的区别可能发生在早期阶段。
