Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO box 227, Reading RG6 6AB, UK.
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Earley Gate, PO box 243, Reading RG6 6BB, UK.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Feb 15;615:857-874. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.103. Epub 2017 Oct 17.
Peatlands store large amounts of terrestrial carbon and any changes to their carbon balance could cause large changes in the greenhouse gas (GHG) balance of the Earth's atmosphere. There is still much uncertainty about how the GHG dynamics of peatlands are affected by climate and land use change. Current field-based methods of estimating annual carbon exchange between peatlands and the atmosphere include flux chambers and eddy covariance towers. However, remote sensing has several advantages over these traditional approaches in terms of cost, spatial coverage and accessibility to remote locations. In this paper, we outline the basic principles of using remote sensing to estimate ecosystem carbon fluxes and explain the range of satellite data available for such estimations, considering the indices and models developed to make use of the data. Past studies, which have used remote sensing data in comparison with ground-based calculations of carbon fluxes over Northern peatland landscapes, are discussed, as well as the challenges of working with remote sensing on peatlands. Finally, we suggest areas in need of future work on this topic. We conclude that the application of remote sensing to models of carbon fluxes is a viable research method over Northern peatlands but further work is needed to develop more comprehensive carbon cycle models and to improve the long-term reliability of models, particularly on peatland sites undergoing restoration.
泥炭地储存了大量的陆地碳，其碳平衡的任何变化都可能导致地球大气温室气体（GHG）平衡发生重大变化。泥炭地的温室气体动态如何受到气候和土地利用变化的影响，仍然存在很大的不确定性。目前，用于估算泥炭地与大气之间年碳交换的基于现场的方法包括通量室和涡度协方差塔。然而，与这些传统方法相比，遥感在成本、空间覆盖范围和对偏远地区的可达性方面具有优势。在本文中，我们概述了使用遥感估算生态系统碳通量的基本原理，并解释了可用于此类估算的卫星数据范围，同时考虑了为利用这些数据而开发的指标和模型。讨论了过去使用遥感数据与北方泥炭地景观的地面碳通量计算进行比较的研究，以及在泥炭地上进行遥感工作的挑战。最后，我们提出了这个主题未来需要开展的工作领域。我们的结论是，将遥感应用于碳通量模型是北方泥炭地研究的一种可行的研究方法，但需要进一步的工作来开发更全面的碳循环模型，并提高模型的长期可靠性，特别是在正在恢复的泥炭地地点。
