Mitchell Hazel Louise, Cox Simon J, Lewis Hugh G
Computational Engineering and Design Group, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Sep 18;24(18):6019. doi: 10.3390/s24186019.
Peatlands across the world are vital carbon stores. However, human activities have caused the degradation of many sites, increasing their greenhouse gas emissions and vulnerability to wildfires. Comprehensive monitoring of peatlands is essential for their protection, tracking degradation and restoration, but current techniques are limited by cost, poor reliability and low spatial or temporal resolution. This paper covers the research, development, deployment and performance of a resilient and modular multi-purpose wireless sensor network as an alternative means of monitoring peatlands. The sensor network consists of four sensor nodes and a gateway and measures temperature, humidity, soil moisture, carbon dioxide and methane. The sensor nodes transmit measured data over LoRaWAN to The Things Network every 30 min. To increase the maximum possible deployment duration, a novel datastring encoder was implemented which reduced the transmitted datastring length by 23%. This system was deployed in a New Forest (Hampshire, UK) peatland site for two months and collected more than 7500 measurements. This deployment demonstrated that low-cost sensor networks have the potential to improve the temporal and spatial resolution of peatland emission monitoring beyond what is achievable with traditional monitoring techniques.
世界各地的泥炭地是重要的碳储存库。然而，人类活动已导致许多泥炭地退化，增加了它们的温室气体排放以及遭受野火的脆弱性。对泥炭地进行全面监测对于其保护、追踪退化和恢复情况至关重要，但目前的技术受到成本、可靠性差以及空间或时间分辨率低的限制。本文介绍了一种弹性且模块化的多用途无线传感器网络的研究、开发、部署及性能，该网络可作为监测泥炭地的替代手段。该传感器网络由四个传感器节点和一个网关组成，可测量温度、湿度、土壤湿度、二氧化碳和甲烷。传感器节点每隔30分钟通过LoRaWAN将测量数据传输到物联网。为了延长最大可能的部署时长，实施了一种新型数据串编码器，可将传输的数据串长度减少23%。该系统在英国汉普郡新森林的一个泥炭地现场部署了两个月，收集了超过7500次测量数据。此次部署表明，低成本传感器网络有潜力提高泥炭地排放监测的时间和空间分辨率，这是传统监测技术无法实现的。
