Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
European Regional Centre for Ecohydrology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tylna 3, 90-364 Lodz, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Feb 15;615:882-894. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.005. Epub 2017 Oct 7.
Sewage sludge production is increasing, as is the importance of its safe and sustainable disposal. The study examine the impact of fertilizing poor quality soil with sewage sludge from three sizes of wastewater treatment plants (WTP) (small, medium and large) located in Central Poland, applied in two doses (3 and 9tons per hectare), on biomass yield and selected biochemical parameters in willow plants. The WTPs were selected based on the size criterion given in Polish regulations. Three variables were analyzed in the leaves and roots of willow cuttings after twenty weeks of cultivation: the degree of oxidative reaction, assessed as thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content; catalase activity (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), reflecting the efficiency of the antioxidative response; and changes in the concentration of proline, one of the major cellular osmoprotectants. For plants growing in poor-quality soil, sewage sludge administration results in a large increase of willow biomass by creating good conditions for plant growth associated with protection against oxidative damage, efficient functioning of the antioxidant system and maintenance of the osmotic balance between the soil environment and plant roots. The greatest increase was 204% of control in the case of 9tha sludge from the medium WTP. Biomass production correlated with the applied sludge dose. After sewage sludge application lipid peroxides were reduced in leaves (81%) and roots (69%), CAT activity was enhanced (to 855% in leaves) and proline level was increased in root tissues. The application of sewage sludge originating from small WTPs offers the best conditions than larger WTPs: sludge from large WTPs may cause oxidative damage and exceed the possibilities of plants to counteract stress factors, especially when used in high doses.
污水污泥产量不断增加，其安全和可持续处理的重要性也日益增加。本研究考察了用来自波兰中部三个规模的污水处理厂（小型、中型和大型）的污水污泥（施用量分别为 3 和 9 吨/公顷）施肥劣质土壤对柳树植物生物量产量和某些生化参数的影响。污水处理厂是根据波兰法规规定的规模标准选择的。在 20 周的培养后，分析了柳树插条叶片和根系中的三个变量：氧化反应程度，用硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）含量评估；过氧化氢酶活性（CAT，EC 1.11.1.6），反映抗氧化反应的效率；脯氨酸浓度的变化，脯氨酸是主要的细胞渗透调节剂之一。对于在劣质土壤中生长的植物，施用污水污泥通过为植物生长创造良好条件来大量增加柳树生物量，这些条件与防止氧化损伤、抗氧化系统有效运作以及维持土壤环境与植物根系之间的渗透平衡有关。在中型污水处理厂的 9 吨污泥处理中，生物量增加了 204%，达到对照的 204%。生物量的产生与施用量的污泥呈正相关。施用污水污泥后，叶片中的脂质过氧化物减少了 81%，根系中的减少了 69%，CAT 活性增强（叶片中达到 855%），根组织中的脯氨酸水平增加。与大型污水处理厂相比，小型污水处理厂的污泥提供了更好的条件：大型污水处理厂的污泥可能会造成氧化损伤，并超过植物对抗应激因子的能力，尤其是在高剂量使用时。
