Bytautiene Prewit Egle, Kechichian Talar, Okunade Deborah, Yin Huaizhi, Stuebe Alison M
1 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
2 Summer Undergraduate Research Program, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
Reprod Sci. 2018 Aug;25(8):1186-1196. doi: 10.1177/1933719117734316. Epub 2017 Oct 11.
Although it has been widely accepted that pregnancies with complications are associated with increased maternal cardiovascular risk later in life, there is no consensus if noncomplicated pregnancy followed by lactation plays a protective role or is a risk factor. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of normal pregnancy and lactation on long-term maternal health in a mouse model. CD-1 mice were allocated to breeding (primigravid [PG]) and nonbreeding (nulligravid [NG]) groups. The PG group proceeded through normal pregnancy and delivery. Using a telemetry system, blood pressure (BP) was analyzed in the PG group at 6 months postpartum and in age-matched NG mice. Serum analytes, gene expressions, and protein levels were determined using appropriate analysis methods. Primigravid mice had significantly lower systolic and diastolic BP and fasting glucose levels. Circulating oxytocin (OXT) levels were significantly higher in PG mice. Oxt gene expression was significantly higher in the heart and aorta and lower in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from PG mice. The oxytocin receptor ( Oxtr) gene expression was significantly higher in the heart, aorta, and VAT from PG animals. The level of Oxtr DNA hypermethylation and the expression of mmu-miR-29a were significantly lower in the hearts of PG mice. In PG VAT, glucose transporter-4 expression was significantly higher. Our study demonstrates that a history of normal pregnancy followed by lactation was associated with lower maternal cardiovascular risk factors later in life in female mouse.
尽管人们普遍认为，有并发症的妊娠与母亲日后心血管疾病风险增加有关，但对于无并发症妊娠后再进行哺乳是起到保护作用还是属于风险因素，目前尚无定论。本研究的目的是在小鼠模型中研究正常妊娠和哺乳对母亲长期健康的影响。将CD-1小鼠分为繁殖组（初孕[PG]）和非繁殖组（未孕[NG]）。PG组经历正常妊娠和分娩。使用遥测系统，对PG组产后6个月的小鼠以及年龄匹配的NG小鼠进行血压（BP）分析。使用适当的分析方法测定血清分析物、基因表达和蛋白质水平。初孕小鼠的收缩压和舒张压以及空腹血糖水平显著较低。PG小鼠的循环催产素（OXT）水平显著较高。PG小鼠心脏和主动脉中的Oxt基因表达显著较高，而内脏脂肪组织（VAT）中的Oxt基因表达较低。PG动物心脏、主动脉和VAT中的催产素受体（Oxtr）基因表达显著较高。PG小鼠心脏中Oxtr DNA的甲基化水平和mmu-miR-29a的表达显著较低。在PG VAT中，葡萄糖转运蛋白4的表达显著较高。我们的研究表明，正常妊娠后再进行哺乳的经历与雌性小鼠日后较低的母亲心血管疾病风险因素有关。
