1 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
2 Physiotherapy Department, Shatin Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Clin Rehabil. 2018 Apr;32(4):462-472. doi: 10.1177/0269215517733525. Epub 2017 Oct 11.
To investigate whether a comprehensive exercise program was effective in improving physical function among institutionalized older adults and whether adding whole-body vibration to the program conferred additional therapeutic benefits.
A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted.
This study was carried out in residential care units.
In total, 73 older adults (40 women, mean age: 82.3 ± 7.3 years) were enrolled into this study.
Participants were randomly allocated to one of the three groups: strength and balance program combined with whole-body vibration, strength and balance program without whole-body vibration, and social and recreational activities consisting of upper limb exercises only. All participants completed three training sessions per week for eight weeks.
Assessment of mobility, balance, lower limb strength, walking endurance, and self-perceived balance confidence were conducted at baseline and immediately after the eight-week intervention. Incidences of falls requiring medical attention were recorded for one year after the end of the training period.
A significant time × group interaction was found for lower limb strength (five-times-sit-to-stand test; P = 0.048), with the exercise-only group showing improvement (pretest: 35.8 ± 16.1 seconds; posttest: 29.0 ± 9.8 seconds), compared with a decline in strength among controls (pretest: 27.1 ± 10.4 seconds; posttest: 28.7 ± 12.3 seconds; P = 0.030). The exercise with whole-body vibration group had a significantly better outcome in balance confidence (pretest: 39.2 ± 29.0; posttest: 48.4 ± 30.6) than the exercise-only group (pretest: 35.9 ± 24.8; posttest: 38.2 ± 26.5; P = 0.033).
The exercise program was effective in improving lower limb strength among institutionalized older adults but adding whole-body vibration did not enhance its effect. Whole-body vibration may improve balance confidence without enhancing actual balance performance.
研究综合性锻炼方案是否能有效改善机构养老老年人的身体功能，以及向方案中添加全身振动是否会带来额外的治疗益处。
单盲随机对照试验。
本研究在养老院进行。
共纳入 73 名老年人（40 名女性，平均年龄：82.3 ± 7.3 岁）参与本研究。
参与者被随机分配至以下三组之一：力量和平衡训练方案联合全身振动、力量和平衡训练方案不联合全身振动、以及仅包含上肢运动的社会和娱乐活动。所有参与者每周完成 3 次训练，共 8 周。
在基线和 8 周干预后即刻评估移动能力、平衡能力、下肢力量、步行耐力和自我感知平衡信心。在训练结束 1 年后记录需要医疗关注的跌倒事件发生率。
在下肢力量（5 次坐站测试；P = 0.048）方面，发现时间×组间存在显著交互作用，仅运动组显示出改善（前测：35.8 ± 16.1 秒；后测：29.0 ± 9.8 秒），而对照组的力量则出现下降（前测：27.1 ± 10.4 秒；后测：28.7 ± 12.3 秒；P = 0.030）。在平衡信心方面，全身振动联合运动组的结果明显优于仅运动组（前测：39.2 ± 29.0；后测：48.4 ± 30.6）（P = 0.033）。
锻炼方案能有效改善机构养老老年人的下肢力量，但添加全身振动不会增强其效果。全身振动可能会改善平衡信心，而不会提高实际的平衡表现。
