Alam Mohammad Khursheed, Alhabib Selham, Alzarea Bader K, Irshad Muhammad, Faruqi Saif, Sghaireen Mohd G, Patil Santosh, Basri Rehana
a Orthodontic Department, College of Dentistry , Al Jouf University , Sakakah , Saudi Arabia.
b Prosthodontic Department, College of Dentistry , Al Jouf University , Sakakah , Saudi Arabia.
Acta Odontol Scand. 2018 Mar;76(2):98-104. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2017.1387813. Epub 2017 Oct 11.
Recent advancements in clinical dentistry have increased the possibilities of surgical procedures in the mental region. A detailed knowledge of mental foramen (MF) morphometry is significant to preserve integrity of the mental nerve trunk in surgical interventions such as orthognathic surgery, implant placement and anaesthetic block.
The aim of this study was to determine the most accurate position of the mental foramen by using new assessment approach in a sample of dental patients presenting to the specialist dental clinic, College of Dentistry, Al Jouf University, Saudi Arabia.
A retrospective study was performed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of 600 patients (40.1 ± 11.78 years old). Following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 395 CBCT were finally obtained and analyzed for the most accurate position of the mental foramen (MF) by OnDemand 3D software (Seoul, Korea). Prevalence of shape of MF and accessory MF were also assessed. Pearson chi-square test was employed to test significant differences between genders and races.
The most common horizontal and vertical position of the mental foramen was in line with the long axis of 2nd premolar (41.3%) and below the root apex level (93.2%), respectively. The most common shape of MF was round type (72.66%). The prevalence of accessory 2MF and 3MF was 2.28% and 0.25%, respectively.
New information about MF presented in this article can help anatomists, prosthodontists, orthodontists, surgeons, forensic odontologists and paleoanthropologists to predict the position of the MF and perform safer surgeries.
临床牙科的最新进展增加了颏部手术操作的可能性。详细了解颏孔（MF）的形态测量对于在正颌手术、种植体植入和麻醉阻滞等外科手术中保持颏神经干的完整性具有重要意义。
本研究的目的是通过一种新的评估方法，确定沙特阿拉伯朱夫大学牙科学院专科牙科诊所就诊的牙科患者样本中颏孔的最准确位置。
对600例患者（40.1±11.78岁）进行锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）的回顾性研究。根据纳入和排除标准，最终获得395份CBCT，并通过OnDemand 3D软件（韩国首尔）分析颏孔（MF）的最准确位置。还评估了MF的形状和副颏孔的发生率。采用Pearson卡方检验来检验性别和种族之间的显著差异。
颏孔最常见的水平和垂直位置分别与第二前磨牙的长轴一致（41.3%）和根尖水平以下（93.2%）。MF最常见的形状是圆形（72.66%）。副2MF和3MF的发生率分别为2.28%和0.25%。
本文提供的关于MF的新信息可以帮助解剖学家、口腔修复学家、正畸医生、外科医生、法医牙科学家和古人类学家预测MF的位置并进行更安全的手术。
