Borghesi Andrea, Pezzotti Stefania, Nocivelli Giorgio, Maroldi Roberto
Department of Radiology, Medical School, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili, 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2018 Jun;40(6):635-640. doi: 10.1007/s00276-018-1969-5. Epub 2018 Jan 9.
The mental foramen is an important anatomic landmark located on the buccal aspect of the mandible, typically near the apex of the second premolar. Mental foramina exhibit many anatomical variations, including differences in size, shape, position, and number. The most frequent type of variation in number is the presence of double mental foramen, which has a reported incidence ranging from 1.4 to 12.5%. The incidence of triple mental foramen ranges from 0.7 to 1.2%. The frequency of accessory mental foramina varies among ethnic groups, with a low incidence in white Caucasian populations. At present, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the diagnostic tool of choice for examining the maxillofacial region, and the high spatial resolution of CBCT allows accurate three-dimensional analysis of mental foramen variations. The present report describes an unusual case of five mental foramina in a 24-year-old white European male diagnosed by CBCT.
颏孔是位于下颌骨颊侧的一个重要解剖标志，通常靠近第二前磨牙根尖。颏孔存在许多解剖变异，包括大小、形状、位置和数量的差异。数量变异最常见的类型是双颏孔，其报道的发生率为1.4%至12.5%。三颏孔的发生率为0.7%至1.2%。副颏孔的发生率在不同种族群体中有所不同，在白种人群中发生率较低。目前，锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）是检查颌面部区域的首选诊断工具，CBCT的高空间分辨率允许对颏孔变异进行精确的三维分析。本报告描述了一例通过CBCT诊断出的24岁欧洲白人男性有五个颏孔的罕见病例。
