Caliari Juliano de Souza, Teles Sheila Araujo, Reis Renata Karina, Gir Elucir
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas, Passos, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2017 Oct 9;51:e03248. doi: 10.1590/S1980-220X2016046703248.
Analyzing the factors related to perceived stigmatization of people living with HIV.
A cross-sectional study conducted from September of 2014 to December 2015 with users from a specialized service in Minas Gerais. Data were collected through individual instrument application, organized in Microsoft Office Excel(r) 2010 spreadsheets and processed on IBM(r) SPSS 23.0. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression method were used for data analysis, adopting statistical significance set at 5.0% (p≤0.05). The study development met research ethics standards.
258 users participated in the study. Most were males between 40 and 49 years of age, single, with low educational level and income. Being between 40 and 49 years of age and having been hospitalized for complications related to HIV were positively associated predictors to increased stigmatization; while not having comorbidities and not being aware of exposure to HIV were predictors associated to reduced stigmatization.
Given these results, we highlight that stigmatization can have an impact on the lives of people living with HIV, strengthening their feelings of guilt and shame, which can lead to depression, social isolation and abandoning treatment and clinical follow-up.
分析与艾滋病毒感染者感知到的污名化相关的因素。
2014年9月至2015年12月对米纳斯吉拉斯州一家专业服务机构的使用者进行了一项横断面研究。通过个人工具应用收集数据，数据整理在Microsoft Office Excel(r) 2010电子表格中，并在IBM(r) SPSS 23.0上进行处理。采用描述性统计和多元线性回归方法进行数据分析，设定统计学显著性水平为5.0%（p≤0.05）。研究开展符合研究伦理标准。
258名使用者参与了该研究。大多数为40至49岁的男性，单身，教育水平和收入较低。年龄在40至49岁之间以及因与艾滋病毒相关的并发症住院是污名化增加的正相关预测因素；而没有合并症以及不知道自己接触过艾滋病毒是与污名化减少相关的预测因素。
鉴于这些结果，我们强调污名化会对艾滋病毒感染者的生活产生影响，增强他们的内疚和羞耻感，这可能导致抑郁、社会孤立以及放弃治疗和临床随访。
