1 McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2018 Feb;44(2):224-237. doi: 10.1177/0146167217736046. Epub 2017 Oct 11.
Evolutionary psychologists propose that humans evolved a first line of defense against pathogens: the behavioral immune system (BIS). The BIS is thought to be functionally flexible such that the likelihood and magnitude of BIS activation depends on the individual's perceived vulnerability to disease (PVD). Because conspecifics are sources of infection, the BIS has implications for affiliation. By priming and measuring chronic levels of PVD, we examined PVD's relation to affiliation in zero-acquaintance situations in the laboratory, online, and during speed-dating events. Elevated BIS activation was associated with decreased attraction and affiliative behavior in situations that varied in the trade-off between social reward and potential risk of infection. These results were not due to attachment style, personality traits, or disgust sensitivity. This suggests that in social interactions, approach motivation associated with the need to belong may be weighed against avoidance motivation associated with the need to protect the self from disease.
进化心理学家提出，人类进化出了第一道防线来抵御病原体：行为免疫系统 (BIS)。据认为，BIS 在功能上具有灵活性，因此 BIS 激活的可能性和程度取决于个体对疾病的感知易感性 (PVD)。由于同种个体是感染源，BIS 对联系有影响。通过启动和测量慢性 PVD 水平，我们在实验室、在线和速配活动中检查了 PVD 与零熟人情况下的联系。在社会奖励和潜在感染风险之间存在权衡的情况下，BIS 的激活与吸引力和亲和行为的减少有关。这些结果并不是由于依恋风格、人格特质或厌恶敏感性。这表明，在社交互动中，与归属感相关的接近动机可能与避免与自我保护免受疾病相关的动机相权衡。
