Landry Erik J, Fuchs Sam J, Bradley Vicki L, Johnson R C
USDA-ARS, 59 Johnson Hall, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-6402, USA.
Heliyon. 2017 Sep 27;3(9):e00402. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00402. eCollection 2017 Sep.
Understanding cold acclimation and identifying the low molecular weight carbohydrates that support the development of freezing tolerant safflower seedlings will aid in breeding winter-hardy cultivars for temperate cropping systems. Three field selected lines of winter safflower (WSRC01: PI 651878; WSRC02: PI 651879; WSRC03: PI 651880) were cold acclimated for four weeks at 4 °C and compared to seedlings grown for two weeks at 20 °C. The commercial spring-type cultivar, Olé, served as a non-hardy check. Leaf, stem, and root fructose, glucose, sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose concentrations all increased to variable extents across the PI accessions after cold acclimation. In comparison with Olé, winter safflower accessions tended to be more responsive to cold acclimation by increasing metabolite concentration. Verbascose was only recovered within leaf tissue and PI 651880 was the only entry to show a substantial alteration in verbascose concentration due to cold acclimation. Based on these data, no specific low molecular carbohydrate was responsive or responsible for the accumulation of freezing tolerance, but a concert of metabolites and their responsiveness may help explain the observed differences in development, freezing tolerance, and ultimately winterhardiness among safflower germplasm.
了解低温驯化过程并确定支持耐冻性红花幼苗发育的低分子量碳水化合物，将有助于培育适合温带种植系统的抗寒品种。从田间挑选出三个冬性红花品系（WSRC01：PI 651878；WSRC02：PI 651879；WSRC03：PI 651880），在4℃下进行四周的低温驯化，并与在20℃下生长两周的幼苗进行比较。商业春性品种Olé作为不耐寒对照。低温驯化后，PI种质的叶片、茎和根中的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、棉子糖和水苏糖浓度均有不同程度的增加。与Olé相比，冬性红花种质通过增加代谢物浓度对低温驯化的反应往往更敏感。蜜三糖仅在叶片组织中检测到，并且PI 651880是唯一因低温驯化而蜜三糖浓度发生显著变化的材料。基于这些数据，没有特定的低分子碳水化合物对耐冻性的积累有响应或起作用，但代谢物及其响应的协同作用可能有助于解释红花种质在发育、耐冻性以及最终抗寒性方面观察到的差异。
