Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tingyi Hospital, Tingyi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
Department of Cardiology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90502, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;999:43-53. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-4307-9_3.
The benefit of regular exercise or physical activity with appropriate intensity on improving cardiopulmonary function and endurance has long been accepted with less controversy. The challenge remains, however, quantitatively evaluate the effect of exercise on cardiovascular health due in part to the amount and intensity of exercise varies widely plus lack of effective, robust and efficient biomarker evaluation systems. Better evaluating the overall function of biomarker and validate biomarkers utility in cardiovascular health should improve the evidence regarding the benefit or the effect of exercise or physical activity on cardiovascular health, in turn increasing the efficiency of the biomarker on individuals with mild to moderate cardiovascular risk. In this review, beyond traditional cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory factors, we systemic reviewed the latest novel biomarkers in metabolomics, genomics, proteomics, and molecular imaging mainly focus on heart health, as well as cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease. Furthermore, we highlight the state-of-the-art biomarker developing techniques and its application in the field of heart health. Finally, we discuss the clinical relevance of physical activity and exercise on key biomarkers in molecular basis and practical considerations.
长期以来，人们普遍认为，有规律的运动或适当强度的体育活动对改善心肺功能和耐力有益，这一点几乎没有什么争议。然而，由于运动的数量和强度差异很大，加上缺乏有效、强大和高效的生物标志物评估系统，定量评估运动对心血管健康的影响仍然具有挑战性。更好地评估生物标志物的整体功能，并验证生物标志物在心血管健康中的实用性，应该能提高关于运动或体育活动对心血管健康的益处或影响的证据，从而提高生物标志物对轻度至中度心血管风险个体的效率。在这篇综述中，除了传统的细胞因子、趋化因子和炎症因子外，我们还系统地回顾了代谢组学、基因组学、蛋白质组学和分子成像中最新的新型生物标志物，主要关注心脏健康以及动脉粥样硬化和缺血性心脏病等心血管疾病。此外，我们还强调了生物标志物开发技术的最新进展及其在心脏健康领域的应用。最后，我们讨论了运动在分子基础和实际考虑方面对关键生物标志物的临床相关性。
