Koneri Roni, Maabuat Pience V
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University Manado, Indonesia.
Pak J Biol Sci. 2016;19(5):202-210. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2016.202.210.
The degradation of a habitat will affect the population of butterflies living in it. This study aims to analyse the diversity of butterflies in the area of Manembo-Nembo Wildlife Reserve, North Sulawesi.
Employing purposive sampling, the study was conducted for five months. The collection of butterflies was done by using the sweeping technique, following the transect line applied randomly along 1000 m to three types of habitat (the primary forest, riverside in the forest and agricultural land). The species diversity was determined by using diversity index (Shannon-Wiener).
The study identified 4 families, 44 species and 748 individual butterflies. Nymphalidae was a family predominantly found (71.12%), while the species mostly found was Ideopsis juventa tontoliensis (10.16%). Abundance (76.50), richness (20.25), diversity (2.66) and species evenness (0.88) were mostly found in riverside habitats in the forest, while the lowest was found in the primary forest. The similarities of butterfly communities in the different types of habitats indicate that the highest similarity index of butterfly communities is in the habitats of the primary forest and riverside in the forest wi a value of 80%.
The highest diversity of butterflies in all types of habitats found in riverside.
The high diversity of butterflies in the river is strongly influenced by the presence of vegetation as food and host plants of butterflies and this habitat should be conserved for the survival of the butterfly in a wildlife reserve Manembo-Nembo, North Sulawesi. It is expected that the results of this study could become important data of the diversity of butterflies and effects of changes of habitats on the diversity of butterflies in Manembo-Nembo Wildlife Reserve, North Sulawesi.
栖息地的退化会影响生活在其中的蝴蝶种群。本研究旨在分析北苏拉威西省马内科-内姆博野生动物保护区内蝴蝶的多样性。
采用目的抽样法，研究持续了五个月。通过扫捕技术收集蝴蝶，沿着随机设置的1000米样线对三种栖息地（原始森林、森林中的河边地带和农田）进行采集。利用多样性指数（香农-威纳指数）确定物种多样性。
该研究共鉴定出4科、44种、748只蝴蝶个体。蛱蝶科是主要发现的科（71.12%），而发现数量最多的物种是托托尼恩斯珍眼蛱蝶（10.16%）。丰富度（76.50）、物种数（20.25）、多样性（2.66）和物种均匀度（0.88）在森林中的河边栖息地最高，而在原始森林中最低。不同类型栖息地中蝴蝶群落的相似性表明，蝴蝶群落相似性指数最高的是原始森林和森林中的河边栖息地，值为80%。
在所有类型的栖息地中，河边的蝴蝶多样性最高。
河边蝴蝶的高多样性受到作为蝴蝶食物和寄主植物的植被存在的强烈影响，为了北苏拉威西省马内科-内姆博野生动物保护区内蝴蝶的生存，应保护这一栖息地。预计本研究结果可成为北苏拉威西省马内科-内姆博野生动物保护区蝴蝶多样性以及栖息地变化对蝴蝶多样性影响的重要数据。
