Ivry Tsipy, Teman Elly
Department of Anthropology, University of Haifa.
Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ruppin Academic Center.
Med Anthropol Q. 2018 Jun;32(2):254-271. doi: 10.1111/maq.12419. Epub 2017 Dec 11.
This article explores the way that surrogacy and normal pregnancy share cultural assumptions about pregnancy. Through a juxtaposition of our ethnographic studies of two groups of Jewish-Israeli women-women who have undergone "normal," low-risk pregnancies and women who have given birth as gestational surrogates-we argue that surrogacy and pregnancy emerge as potent metaphors for one another. Both pregnant women and surrogates divided their bodies into two separate realms: fetus and maternal pregnant body. Both trivialized the effect of gestational influence on fetal health, making the fetus seem detached from gestational capacities of the mother. We argue for closer scrutiny of the way local cultural priorities and experiences of pregnancy shape surrogacy and for bringing the scholarship on pregnancy and on surrogacy into deeper conversation.
本文探讨了代孕与正常怀孕在关于怀孕的文化假设方面的相同之处。通过对两组犹太裔以色列女性进行人种志研究并加以对比——一组是经历了“正常”低风险怀孕的女性，另一组是作为代孕者分娩的女性——我们认为代孕和怀孕成为了彼此有力的隐喻。孕妇和代孕者都将自己的身体划分为两个独立的领域：胎儿和母体怀孕的身体。两者都轻视了孕期影响对胎儿健康的作用，使得胎儿看似与母亲的孕育能力相分离。我们主张更密切地审视当地文化优先事项和怀孕经历对代孕的塑造方式，并促使关于怀孕和代孕的学术研究进行更深入的对话。
