Oktemer Tugba, Altıntoprak Niyazi, Muluk Nuray Bayar, Senturk Mehmet, Kar Murat, Bafaqeeh Sameer Ali, Bellussi Luisa, Passali Desiderio, Cingi Cemal
Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department, Private Polatlı Can Hospital, Polatli-Ankara, Turkey.
Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2016 Sep 1;30(5):4-7. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4368.
Aeroallergen immunotherapy (AIT) should be considered for patients who exhibit symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), rhinoconjunctivitis, and/or asthma after natural exposure to allergens and who also demonstrate specific immunoglobulin E antibodies against relevant allergens.
In this paper, clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis is reviewed.
Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) is effective for seasonal and perennial AR. Sustained effectiveness requires several years of treatment. SCIT may prevent the development of allergic asthma in children with AR. Sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) is currently considered an alternative treatment to the subcutaneous route. The use of SLIT has been included in international guidelines for the treatment of AR with or without conjunctivitis.
Patients treated with SCIT are at risk of both local and systemic adverse reactions; however, in most cases, symptoms are readily reversible if they are recognized early and treated promptly. The safety profile of SLIT is good; therefore, SLIT can be self-administered by patients in their homes. In this article, we reviewed the efficacy and safety of allergen immunotherapy.
对于在自然接触过敏原后出现过敏性鼻炎（AR）、鼻结膜炎和/或哮喘症状，且针对相关过敏原显示出特异性免疫球蛋白E抗体的患者，应考虑采用变应原免疫疗法（AIT）。
本文综述了免疫疗法在过敏性鼻炎中的临床疗效。
皮下变应原免疫疗法（SCIT）对季节性和常年性AR有效。持续有效性需要数年治疗。SCIT可预防AR患儿发生过敏性哮喘。舌下变应原免疫疗法（SLIT）目前被认为是皮下途径的替代治疗方法。SLIT的使用已被纳入有或无结膜炎的AR治疗国际指南。
接受SCIT治疗的患者有发生局部和全身不良反应的风险；然而，在大多数情况下，如果早期识别并及时治疗，症状很容易逆转。SLIT的安全性良好；因此，患者可在家自行给药。在本文中，我们综述了变应原免疫疗法的疗效和安全性。
