Anderson Halie M, Wood Robert A, Busse William W
Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2017 Jan-Feb;5(1):46-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.07.013. Epub 2016 Sep 21.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common illness in children and can impair their quality of life. Furthermore, many children remain symptomatic despite maximizing systemic antihistamine and topical therapies. It is at this clinical juncture that immunotherapy may be considered. The efficacy and safety associated with both subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual (SLIT) approaches are reviewed and positioned as treatment options for pediatric patients, with specific focus on current literature as it relates to SLIT in children, including those with perennial allergic rhinitis. Although there is more extensive experience with SLIT treatment in Europe, grass and ragweed tablet forms of SLIT are approved in the US. Approaches to the care of pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis are presented.
过敏性鼻炎（AR）是儿童常见疾病，会影响其生活质量。此外，尽管全身用抗组胺药和局部治疗已达到最大剂量，许多儿童仍有症状。正是在这一临床关键时刻，可以考虑免疫疗法。本文回顾了皮下免疫疗法（SCIT）和舌下免疫疗法（SLIT）的疗效和安全性，并将其定位为儿科患者的治疗选择，特别关注与儿童SLIT相关的当前文献，包括患有常年性过敏性鼻炎的儿童。尽管欧洲在SLIT治疗方面有更广泛的经验，但在美国，草和豚草片剂形式的SLIT已获批准。本文还介绍了儿科过敏性鼻炎患者的护理方法。
