Johansen T E, Clausen O P, Nesland J M
Department of Surgery, Akershus Central Hospital, Nordbyhagen, Norway.
Andrologia. 1988 May-Jun;20(3):189-201. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.1988.tb01055.x.
Malunion of testis and epididymis is a congenital anomaly of human undescended testicles which may be of considerable clinical importance. In an experimental model in rat the effects of early disconnection of testis and epididymis (16 days) on testicular development have been testis and puberty. The results are compared with corresponding effects of cryptorchidism and sham-operation. The testes were weighed, and the relative proportions of haploid, diploid and tetraploid cells were quantified by DNA flow cytometry. The histology was evaluated by light and electron microscopy. The non-union operated testes showed a close to normal weight development until about 40 days of age, whereafter a decline occurred. The progression of the maturation division was only slightly reduced at 30 and 37 days of age, but later the spermatogenesis was significantly inhibited. At 58 days of age the maturation division had practically ceased in non-union operated testes. In cryptorchid animals the onset and progression of maturation divisions were almost totally depressed, and only traces of haploid cells were seen in some specimens. The transient increase in tetraploid cells, reflecting primary spermatocytes seen at about 30 days during normal testicular development, was neither depressed in non-union operated nor in cryptorchid animals. This indicates that the major block in spermatogenesis in both situations is at the stage of the primary spermatocytes. At 58 days of age the testicular histology was similar in non-union operated and cryptorchid testicles with many tubular sections showing only Sertoli cells. Scattered and partly degenerated germinal cells were seen in some sections. No histological signs of increased intratubular fluid pressure were detected, suggesting that pressure atrophy is not decisive for the reduced spermatogenesis in non-union operated gonads.
睾丸与附睾的融合不良是人类隐睾的一种先天性异常，可能具有相当重要的临床意义。在大鼠实验模型中，研究了睾丸与附睾早期分离（16天）对睾丸发育、青春期的影响。将结果与隐睾症和假手术的相应影响进行比较。对睾丸进行称重，并通过DNA流式细胞术对单倍体、二倍体和四倍体细胞的相对比例进行定量。通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜评估组织学。未融合手术的睾丸在约40日龄前显示出接近正常的重量发育，此后出现下降。成熟分裂的进程在30日龄和37日龄时仅略有减少，但后来精子发生受到显著抑制。在58日龄时，未融合手术的睾丸中成熟分裂实际上已经停止。在隐睾动物中，成熟分裂的开始和进程几乎完全受到抑制，在一些标本中仅可见少量单倍体细胞痕迹。反映正常睾丸发育过程中约30天时所见初级精母细胞的四倍体细胞的短暂增加，在未融合手术的动物和隐睾动物中均未受到抑制。这表明在这两种情况下精子发生的主要阻滞都发生在初级精母细胞阶段。在58日龄时，未融合手术的睾丸和隐睾的睾丸组织学相似，许多管状切片仅显示支持细胞。在一些切片中可见散在的、部分退化的生殖细胞。未检测到管内液压升高的组织学迹象，这表明压力性萎缩对于未融合手术性腺中精子发生减少并非决定性因素。
