IEEE J Biomed Health Inform. 2018 Sep;22(5):1648-1652. doi: 10.1109/JBHI.2017.2762008. Epub 2017 Oct 11.
Change of handwriting can be an early marker for severity of Parkinson's disease but suffers from poor sensitivity and specificity due to inter-subject variations.
This study has investigated the group-difference in the dynamic features during sketching of spiral between PD and control subjects with the aim of developing an accurate method for diagnosing PD patients.
Dynamic handwriting features were computed for 206 specimens collected from 62 Subjects (31 Parkinson's and 31 Controls). These were analyzed based on the severity of the disease to determine group-difference. Spearman rank correlation coefficient was computed to evaluate the strength of association for the different features.
Maximum area under ROC curve (AUC) using the dynamic features during different writing and spiral sketching tasks were in the range of 0.67 to 0.79. However, when angular features ($\boldsymbol{\varphi }$ and ${\boldsymbol{p}{\boldsymbol{n}}}$) and count of direction inversion during sketching of the spiral were used, AUC improved to 0.933. Spearman correlation coefficient was highest for ϕ and ${\boldsymbol{p}{\boldsymbol{n}}}$.
The angular features and count of direction inversion which can be obtained in real-time while sketching the Archimedean guided spiral on a digital tablet can be used for differentiating between Parkinson's and healthy cohort.
笔迹变化可能是帕金森病严重程度的早期标志物，但由于个体间的差异，其灵敏度和特异性较差。
本研究旨在通过对帕金森病患者和对照组在绘制螺旋时的动态特征差异进行研究，开发一种准确的帕金森病患者诊断方法。
从 62 名受试者（31 名帕金森病患者和 31 名对照组）中收集了 206 个样本，计算了动态笔迹特征。这些特征是基于疾病的严重程度进行分析的，以确定组间差异。计算了不同特征之间的相关性的 Spearman 秩相关系数。
使用不同书写和螺旋绘图任务期间的动态特征，ROC 曲线下最大面积（AUC）的范围为 0.67 到 0.79。然而，当使用螺旋绘图时的角度特征（$\boldsymbol{\varphi }$和$ {\boldsymbol{p}{\boldsymbol{n}}}$）和方向反转计数时，AUC 提高到 0.933。$\boldsymbol{\varphi }$和$ {\boldsymbol{p}{\boldsymbol{n}}}$的 Spearman 相关系数最高。
在数字平板电脑上绘制阿基米德引导螺旋时，可以实时获得的角度特征和方向反转计数，可以用于区分帕金森病患者和健康队列。
