Mishler Ada D, Neider Mark B
Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, 4111 Pictor Lane, Psychology Bldg 99 Ste 320, Orlando, FL 32816-1390, USA.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2017 Nov;181:18-26. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 10.
The redundant signals effect, a speed-up in response times with multiple targets compared to a single target in one display, is well-documented, with some evidence suggesting that it can occur even in conceptual processing when targets are presented bilaterally. The current study was designed to determine whether or not category-based redundant signals can speed up processing even without bilateral presentation. Toward that end, participants performed a go/no-go visual task in which they responded only to members of the target category (i.e., they responded only to numbers and did not respond to letters). Numbers and letters were presented along an imaginary vertical line in the center of the visual field. When the single signal trials contained a nontarget letter (Experiment 1), there was a significant redundant signals effect. The effect was not significant when the single-signal trials did not contain a nontarget letter (Experiments 2 and 3). The results indicate that, when targets are defined categorically and not presented bilaterally, the redundant signals effect may be an effect of reducing the presence of information that draws attention away from the target. This suggests that redundant signals may not speed up conceptual processing when interhemispheric presentation is not available.
冗余信号效应是指在一个显示屏中，与单个目标相比，多个目标会加快反应时间，这一点已有充分记录，一些证据表明，即使目标是双侧呈现的，在概念加工过程中也可能出现这种效应。本研究旨在确定基于类别的冗余信号在没有双侧呈现的情况下是否也能加快加工速度。为此，参与者执行了一项简单反应时视觉任务，他们只对目标类别中的成员做出反应（即只对数字做出反应，不对字母做出反应）。数字和字母沿着视野中心的一条假想垂直线呈现。当单信号试验包含非目标字母时（实验1），存在显著的冗余信号效应。当单信号试验不包含非目标字母时（实验2和3），该效应不显著。结果表明，当目标是按类别定义且不是双侧呈现时，冗余信号效应可能是减少了将注意力从目标上引开的信息的一种效应。这表明，当半球间呈现不可用时，冗余信号可能不会加快概念加工。
