Chiu S W, Moore D
Department of Cell and Structural Biology, Medical School, The University, Manchester.
Cell Biol Int Rep. 1988 Jul;12(7):519-26. doi: 10.1016/0309-1651(88)90038-0.
Basidia of Coprinus cinereus (Schaeff.:Fr) S. F. Gray are committed to their developmental pathway, continuing through meiosis and sporulation even when excised from their parental fruit body. A technique is described which permits this in vitro differentiation to be used as a rapid, small-scale bioassay for chemicals which interfere with these morphogenetic processes. Of a range of compounds tested, only ammonium and glutamine, and some structural analogues, were able to inhibit basidium differentiation. Growth was not inhibited; instead the differentiation inhibitors caused vegetative hyphal tips to grow out from regions of the basidial apparatus expected to be in active growth during sporulation. Depending on the stage reached at the time of exposure to the inhibitors, vegetative hyphal tips emerged from the four apical sites for sterigmata, from the tips of sterigmata, from partially formed or abnormal spores, and from the basal regions of the basidium from which paraphyses would be expected to arise. The experiments show that ammonium ions and glutamine halt meiocyte differentiation. Reports of similar effects in other organisms, animals and plants as well as fungi, may imply that sporulation events are generally sensitive to ammonium inhibition.
灰盖鬼伞（Schaeff.:Fr）S. F. Gray的担子在其发育途径上是固定的，即使从其亲本子实体上切下，也会继续经历减数分裂和孢子形成。本文描述了一种技术，该技术可使这种体外分化用作一种快速、小规模的生物测定方法，用于检测干扰这些形态发生过程的化学物质。在一系列测试的化合物中，只有铵和谷氨酰胺以及一些结构类似物能够抑制担子分化。生长并未受到抑制；相反，分化抑制剂导致营养菌丝尖端从预计在孢子形成期间处于活跃生长状态的担子器区域长出。根据接触抑制剂时所达到的阶段，营养菌丝尖端从四个担孢子梗顶端位点、从担孢子梗尖端、从部分形成或异常的孢子以及从预计会产生侧丝的担子基部区域长出。实验表明，铵离子和谷氨酰胺会阻止减数细胞分化。在其他生物体（动物、植物以及真菌）中关于类似效应的报道可能意味着孢子形成事件通常对铵抑制敏感。
