MRC Epidemiology Unit and UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
MRC Epidemiology Unit and UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Prev Med. 2018 Jan;106:86-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.10.017. Epub 2017 Oct 10.
The promotion of active travel (walking and cycling) is one promising approach to prevent the development of obesity and related cardio-metabolic disease. However the associations between active travel and adiposity remain uncertain. We used the Fenland study (a population based-cohort study; Cambridgeshire, UK, 2005-15) to describe the association of commuting means with DEXA measured body fat and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) among commuters (aged 29-65years; n=7680). We stratified our sample into those living near (within five miles) and far (five miles or further) from work, and categorised commuting means differently for each group reflecting their different travel options. Associations were adjusted for age, education, Mediterranean diet score, smoking, alcohol consumption, test site and either self-reported physical activity or objective physical activity. Among those living near to work, people who reported regularly cycling to work had lower body fat than those who only used the car (adjusting for self-reported physical activity: women, -1.74%, 95% CI: -2.27% to -0.76%; men, -1.30%, -2.26% to -0.33%). Among those who lived far from work, people who reported regular car-use with active travel had lower body fat (women; -1.18%, 95% CI: -2.23% to -0.13%; men, -1.19%, -1.93% to -0.44%). Findings were similar for VAT and when adjusting for objectively measured physical activity instead of self-reported physical activity. In conclusion, active commuting may reduce adiposity and help prevent related cardio-metabolic disease. If people live too far from work to walk or cycle the whole journey, incorporating some active travel within the commute is also beneficial.
积极的出行方式（步行和骑车）的推广是预防肥胖和相关心血管代谢疾病发展的一种很有前途的方法。然而，积极出行与肥胖之间的关联仍然不确定。我们使用 Fenland 研究（一项基于人群的队列研究；英国剑桥郡，2005-15 年）来描述通勤者（年龄 29-65 岁；n=7680）的通勤方式与 DEXA 测量的体脂肪和内脏脂肪组织（VAT）之间的关系。我们根据居住地点（工作地点 5 英里内或外）将样本分层，并根据不同群体的不同出行选择，对通勤方式进行分类。关联结果根据年龄、教育程度、地中海饮食评分、吸烟、饮酒、检测地点以及自我报告的体力活动或客观体力活动进行调整。在那些居住在工作地点附近的人中，与只开车上班的人相比，经常骑自行车上班的人体脂肪较低（调整自我报告的体力活动后：女性，-1.74%，95%CI：-2.27%至-0.76%；男性，-1.30%，-2.26%至-0.33%）。在那些居住在远离工作地点的人中，报告经常开车上班并结合积极出行的人体脂肪较低（女性；-1.18%，95%CI：-2.23%至-0.13%；男性，-1.19%，-1.93%至-0.44%）。当用客观测量的体力活动代替自我报告的体力活动来调整时，结果对于 VAT 也是相似的。总之，积极的通勤方式可能会减少肥胖，有助于预防相关的心血管代谢疾病。如果人们住得离工作地点太远，无法步行或骑车上班，那么在通勤过程中加入一些积极的出行方式也是有益的。
