The Research Unit for Movement, Health and Environment, Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden.
Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 21;10:911863. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.911863. eCollection 2022.
Quantification of movement intensity and energy utilization, together with frequency of trips, duration, distance, step counts and cadence, is essential for interpreting the character of habitual walking for transport, and its potential support of health. The purpose of the study is to illuminate this with valid methods and novel perspectives, and to thereby provide a new basis for characterizing and interpreting walking in relation to health outcomes.
Habitual middle-aged commuting pedestrians (males = 10, females = 10) were investigated in the laboratory at rest and with maximal treadmill and cycle ergometer tests. Thereafter, levels of oxygen uptake, energy expenditure, ventilation, heart rate, blood lactate, rated perceived exertion, cadence, number of steps, duration, distance, and speed were recorded during the normal walking commute of each participant in Greater Stockholm, Sweden. The number of commutes per week over the year was self-reported.
Walking in the field demanded about 30% more energy per km compared to level treadmill walking. For both sexes, the walking intensity in field was about 46% of maximal oxygen uptake, and energy expenditure amounted to 0.96 kcal · kg · km . The MET values (males: 6.2; females: 6.5) mirrored similar levels of walking speed (males: 5.7; females: 5.9 km · h ) and levels of oxygen uptake (males: 18.6; females: 19.5 mL · kg · min ). The average number of MET-hours per week in a typical month was 22 for males and 20 for females. This resulted in a total weekly energy expenditure of ~1,570 and 1,040 kcal for males and females, respectively. Over the year, the number of walking commutes and their accumulated distance was ~385 trips and 800 km for both sexes.
Walking in naturalistic field settings demands its own studies. When males and females walk to work, their relative aerobic intensities and absolute energy demands for a given distance are similar. It is equivalent to the lower part of the moderate relative intensity domain. The combination of oxygen uptake, trip duration and frequency leads to high and sustained levels of MET-hours as well as energy expenditure per week over the year, with a clear health enhancing potential. Based on this study we recommend 6000 transport steps per day, or equivalent, during five weekdays, over the year, in order to reach optimal health gains.
量化运动强度和能量利用情况，以及出行频率、时长、距离、步数和步频，对于解释用于交通的习惯性步行的特征及其对健康的潜在支持至关重要。本研究的目的是用有效的方法和新的视角来阐明这一点，从而为与健康结果相关的步行特征和解释提供新的依据。
10 名男性和 10 名女性中年通勤行人在实验室中进行了休息状态以及最大跑步机和踏车测力计测试下的研究。此后，在瑞典斯德哥尔摩大都市区，每位参与者在正常步行通勤时记录了耗氧量、能量消耗、通气量、心率、血乳酸、感知用力程度、步频、步数、时长、距离和速度。每周的通勤次数则由参与者自我报告。
实地行走每公里比水平跑步机行走多消耗约 30%的能量。对于男性和女性，实地行走强度约为最大耗氧量的 46%，能量消耗为 0.96 千卡·千克·公里。代谢当量值（男性：6.2；女性：6.5）反映了相似的步行速度（男性：5.7；女性：5.9 千米/小时）和耗氧量水平（男性：18.6；女性：19.5 毫升·千克·分钟）。在典型的一个月中，男性每周平均有 22 个代谢当量小时，女性每周平均有 20 个代谢当量小时。这导致男性和女性每周的总能量消耗分别约为 1570 和 1040 千卡。全年，男性和女性的步行通勤次数和累计距离分别约为 385 次和 800 公里。
在自然环境中进行行走需要进行单独的研究。当男性和女性步行上班时，他们在给定距离下的相对有氧强度和绝对能量需求是相似的。这相当于中等相对强度范围的较低部分。耗氧量、出行时长和出行频率的组合导致每周的代谢当量小时数和能量消耗水平较高且持续，具有明显的促进健康的潜力。基于本研究，我们建议在一年中的五个工作日中，每天行走 6000 步或等效距离，以达到最佳的健康收益。
