Martinson Melissa L, Chang Yu-Ling, Han Wen-Jui, Wen Jun
University of Washington, 4101 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Int J Behav Med. 2018 Feb;25(1):141-149. doi: 10.1007/s12529-017-9688-6.
Childhood overweight and obesity is on the rise in China and in Chinese cities in particular. The aim of this study is to explore the extent of income differences in childhood overweight in Shanghai, China, and examine demographic, social, and behavioral explanations for these differences.
Using the 2014 Child Well-Being Study of Shanghai, China-a survey that included extensive contextual information on children and their families in China's most populous city, prevalence rates and adjusted odds ratios of child overweight and obesity at age 7 were calculated by income tercile controlling for a wide variety of sociodemographic variables.
District aggregate income increases the odds of child overweight/obesity, but only for boys. In contrast, rural hukou status was associated with lower odds of overweight/obesity for girls.
Boys at age 7 are more likely to be overweight and obese than girls. District income further increases this likelihood for boys, while rural hukou status decreases this likelihood for girls, suggesting that preferences for boys and thinness ideals for girls may play a role in the income patterning of childhood overweight and obesity.
中国儿童超重和肥胖现象呈上升趋势，在中国城市地区尤为明显。本研究旨在探讨中国上海儿童超重现象中收入差异的程度，并考察造成这些差异的人口统计学、社会和行为学方面的原因。
利用2014年中国上海儿童福祉研究——这是一项对中国人口最多的城市中儿童及其家庭进行广泛背景信息调查的研究，通过控制各种社会人口变量，按收入三分位数计算7岁儿童超重和肥胖的患病率及调整后的比值比。
地区总收入增加了儿童超重/肥胖的几率，但仅对男孩如此。相比之下，农村户口身份与女孩超重/肥胖几率较低相关。
7岁男孩比女孩更易超重和肥胖。地区收入进一步增加了男孩超重和肥胖的可能性，而农村户口身份则降低了女孩超重和肥胖的可能性，这表明重男轻女观念以及对女孩的瘦美理想可能在儿童超重和肥胖的收入模式中发挥作用。
