Macquin-Mavier I, Clerici C, Franco-Montoya M L, Harf A
Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1988 Nov;247(2):706-9.
The aims of this study were to provide direct evidence that in anesthetized guinea pigs i.v. administration of histamine induces sympathoadrenal activation and to identify the source and mechanism of histamine-induced epinephrine release. Plasma epinephrine measurements were used as the index of sympathoadrenal activity. In intact guinea pigs, histamine infusion caused a 3-fold rise in plasma epinephrine levels. In guinea pigs pretreated with 6-hydroxydopamine to obtain chemical sympathectomy, the rise in plasma epinephrine induced by histamine was distinctly smaller than in controls. This rise was completely inhibited in guinea pigs pretreated with the ganglion blocking agent hexamethonium and in pithed guinea pigs. Pretreatment with the H2-receptor antagonist cimetidine or the H1-receptor antagonist mepyramine reduced the rise in plasma epinephrine. These results demonstrate that in guinea pigs, epinephrine is released not only from the adrenal medulla but also from nerve endings and that histamine releases epinephrine by indirect action through central reflex pathways.
本研究的目的是提供直接证据，证明在麻醉的豚鼠中静脉注射组胺会引起交感肾上腺激活，并确定组胺诱导肾上腺素释放的来源和机制。血浆肾上腺素测量用作交感肾上腺活动的指标。在完整的豚鼠中，输注组胺导致血浆肾上腺素水平升高3倍。在用6-羟基多巴胺预处理以实现化学交感神经切除术的豚鼠中，组胺诱导的血浆肾上腺素升高明显小于对照组。在预先用神经节阻断剂六甲铵处理的豚鼠和去脑豚鼠中，这种升高被完全抑制。用H2受体拮抗剂西咪替丁或H1受体拮抗剂美吡拉敏预处理可降低血浆肾上腺素的升高。这些结果表明，在豚鼠中，肾上腺素不仅从肾上腺髓质释放，也从神经末梢释放，并且组胺通过中枢反射途径的间接作用释放肾上腺素。
