VL-Medi Clinical Research Center, Töölönkatu 37 B, 00260, Helsinki, Finland.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2018 Apr;48:115-127. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.09.010. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Sexual health for adolescents is based on three components: recognizing sexual rights, sexuality education and counseling, and thirdly confidential high quality services. Contraception needs to include prevention of both STIs and pregnancies. The first option for adolescents is condoms backed-up by emergency contraception; and later hormonal contraceptives in a longer, mutually monogamous relationship. Condoms and hormonal contraception together can be well recommended for adolescents for dual protection. Long acting reversible contraception (LARC) including both intrauterine contraception and implants are safe and highly effective and thus well suited for adolescents. Improved contraceptive methods do not automatically lead to reduced numbers of adolescent abortions. When sexuality education, proper counseling and sexual health services are all provided, it is possible to profoundly improve adolescent sexual health.
认识到性权利、性教育和咨询，以及第三方面的保密高质量服务。避孕措施需要同时预防性病和怀孕。青少年的首选是避孕套，辅以紧急避孕措施；在更长时间、相互忠诚的关系中，可以选择荷尔蒙避孕药。避孕套和荷尔蒙避孕药联合使用可以为青少年提供双重保护，这是一种很好的推荐。长效可逆避孕（LARC）包括宫内节育器和植入物，安全且高效，因此非常适合青少年使用。改进的避孕方法并不会自动减少青少年堕胎的数量。当提供了性教育、适当的咨询和性健康服务时，就有可能显著改善青少年的性健康。
