Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany.
Clin Oral Investig. 2018 Apr;22(3):1487-1493. doi: 10.1007/s00784-017-2256-2. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
The importance of excellent oral health is known to be crucial in children with congenital heart diseases (CHD). Data about dental health and disease awareness is limited. This study aims to assess preventive measures taken to improve dental health in children with CHD and to gain insight into disease awareness and knowledge about the importance of oral health in children with CHD and to propose measures that could be taken.
Parents of 150 children with CHD were asked to complete a questionnaire containing specific questions about the preventive measures taken by the parents and dental and medical practitioners and their knowledge about underlying disease and the importance of oral health.
Our results show an absence of information in parents concerning preventive measures and oral hygiene. Knowledge of the indications for antibiotic prophylaxis and for actually given medications was lacking. Preventive dental measures were not performed according to current guidelines.
Knowledge of parents about the importance of oral health in children with CHD could be improved. However, specialized centers involving pediatric cardiologists and pediatric dentists could coordinate the education of parents at an early stage. Moreover, general dentists should be trained more frequently concerning the indications for antibiotic prophylaxis, in particular, and the dental care of children with chronic diseases, in general. Warning cards such as the heart pass should be issued to parents of children with CHD.
The current study reveals the need for the structured training of medical and dental practitioners to support parents of children with CHD.
先天性心脏病 (CHD) 患儿的口腔健康非常重要，这点已得到广泛认可。但目前有关儿童口腔健康和疾病认知的数据十分有限。本研究旨在评估改善 CHD 患儿口腔健康所采取的预防措施，并深入了解患儿及其家属对口腔健康重要性的认知和疾病认知，同时提出可能的改进措施。
我们向 150 名 CHD 患儿的家长发放了一份调查问卷，内容涉及家长、牙医和内科医生采取的预防措施，以及他们对潜在疾病和口腔健康重要性的了解。
研究结果显示，家长对预防措施和口腔卫生的了解有限。他们缺乏抗生素预防用药的指征和实际使用药物的知识。预防牙科措施也未按照现行指南执行。
可以提高 CHD 患儿家长对口腔健康重要性的认识。然而，涉及儿科心脏病专家和儿童牙医的专门中心可以在早期阶段协调对家长的教育。此外，应更频繁地培训全科牙医，特别是有关抗生素预防用药的指征，以及一般慢性疾病患儿的口腔护理。应向 CHD 患儿的家长发放如“心脏通行证”等警示卡。
本研究揭示了需要对医疗和牙科从业者进行结构化培训，以支持 CHD 患儿的家长。
