Zakrisson Ann-Britt
a University Healthcare Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medicine , Örebro University , Örebro , Sweden.
Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. 2017;12(sup2):1387452. doi: 10.1080/17482631.2017.1387452.
Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) have multiple symptoms. Nursing care is based on six core competencies and one of them is person-centred care that includes the aspect of professional symptom relief. The aim was to clarify a meaning of the concept of Symptom-reducing actions in the context of COPD. Databases MEDLINE and CINAHL were searched between 1982 and February 2016 and 26 publications were found. Two dictionaries and three books were investigated. The method of Walker & Avant was followed. The use of the concept of Symptom-reducing actions may be categorized by the sub-concepts of supervision, information, and patient education. Exploration of defining attributes was symptom management, instructions, support, motivation, explanation, advice, teaching, and learning. Antecedent occurrences were related to factors that affect the patient's level of function such as physical performance and cognitive function. Symptom-reducing actions offer a way to support patients with COPD in self-management. Symptom-reducing actions can mediate facts in a purposeful process performed by the nurse to enable the patient to take control over and manage unpleasant symptoms by a person-centred, planned process. The nurse can achieve this via supervision, information, and patient education with an integrated emotional component. Evaluating the outcomes is needed.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者有多种症状。护理工作基于六项核心能力，其中之一是以患者为中心的护理，这包括专业缓解症状的方面。目的是阐明在COPD背景下症状减轻行动这一概念的含义。检索了1982年至2016年2月期间的MEDLINE和CINAHL数据库，共找到26篇出版物。研究了两本词典和三本书。遵循了沃克和阿旺特的方法。症状减轻行动概念的使用可按监督、信息和患者教育等子概念进行分类。定义属性的探索包括症状管理、指导、支持、激励、解释、建议、教学和学习。先行事件与影响患者功能水平的因素有关，如身体表现和认知功能。症状减轻行动为支持COPD患者进行自我管理提供了一种方法。症状减轻行动可以在护士有目的的过程中调节各种情况，使患者能够通过以患者为中心的、有计划的过程控制和管理不适症状。护士可以通过监督、信息和带有综合情感成分的患者教育来实现这一点。需要对结果进行评估。
