Münzer Annika, Rosner Rita, Ganser Helene Gertrud, Naumann Alexander, Plener Paul L., Witt Andreas, Goldbeck Lutz
1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
2 Department of Psychology, Catholic University Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Germany.
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother. 2018 Mar;46(2):135-141. doi: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000548. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
Child maltreatment represents a major risk factor for the development of emotional and behavioral problems, especially posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While effective trauma-focused treatments are available, little is known about the usual mental healthcare for abused youths in Germany. The present study compared the utilization of mental healthcare in abused youths who had developed a PTSD (N = 95) with a group presenting other mental disorders (N = 146). Semistructured interviews were used to assess maltreatment histories, current mental health, and healthcare utilization. In addition, potential child factors associated with access to mental healthcare (age and level of functioning) were examined. Results showed that 65 % of both diagnostic groups currently fail to use any mental healthcare service. Of the participants with PTSD, 43 (45 %) had never received any mental healthcare intervention. Investigations on potential barriers are necessary to close the huge gap between clinical services and evidence-based, trauma-focused interventions.
儿童虐待是导致情绪和行为问题尤其是创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的一个主要风险因素。虽然有有效的针对创伤的治疗方法，但对于德国受虐待青少年的常规心理保健情况却知之甚少。本研究比较了已患上PTSD的受虐待青少年（N = 95）与患有其他精神障碍的一组青少年（N = 146）在心理保健利用方面的情况。采用半结构化访谈来评估虐待史、当前心理健康状况和医疗保健利用情况。此外，还研究了与获得心理保健相关的潜在儿童因素（年龄和功能水平）。结果显示，两个诊断组中目前有65%的人未使用任何心理保健服务。在患有PTSD的参与者中，有43人（45%）从未接受过任何心理保健干预。有必要对潜在障碍进行调查，以缩小临床服务与基于证据的、针对创伤的干预措施之间的巨大差距。
