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接受降低应激反应性:一项随机对照试验中对正念训练的解构。

Acceptance lowers stress reactivity: Dismantling mindfulness training in a randomized controlled trial.

机构信息

Carnegie Mellon University, United States.

University of Vermont, United States.

出版信息

Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018 Jan;87:63-73. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.09.015. Epub 2017 Oct 8.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Mindfulness interventions, which train practitioners to monitor their present-moment experience with a lens of acceptance, are known to buffer stress reactivity. Little is known about the active mechanisms driving these effects. We theorize that acceptance is a critical emotion regulation mechanism underlying mindfulness stress reduction effects.

METHOD

In this three-arm parallel trial, mindfulness components were dismantled into three structurally equivalent 15-lesson smartphone-based interventions: (1) training in both monitoring and acceptance (Monitor+Accept), (2) training in monitoring only (Monitor Only), or (3) active control training (Coping control). 153 stressed adults (mean age=32years; 67% female; 53% white, 21.5% black, 21.5% Asian, 4% other race) were randomly assigned to complete one of three interventions. After the intervention, cortisol, blood pressure, and subjective stress reactivity were assessed using a modified Trier Social Stress Test.

RESULTS

As predicted, Monitor+Accept training reduced cortisol and systolic blood pressure reactivity compared to Monitor Only and control trainings. Participants in all three conditions reported moderate levels of subjective stress.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides the first experimental evidence that brief smartphone mindfulness training can impact stress biology, and that acceptance training drives these effects. We discuss implications for basic and applied research in contemplative science, emotion regulation, stress and coping, health, and clinical interventions.

摘要

目的

正念干预通过训练练习者以接受的视角来监测当下的体验,从而缓冲压力反应。但对于驱动这些效果的积极机制知之甚少。我们推断,接受是正念减压效果的关键情绪调节机制。

方法

在这项三臂平行试验中,正念的组成部分被分解为三个结构上等效的、基于智能手机的 15 节课干预措施:(1)同时训练监测和接受(监测+接受),(2)仅训练监测(仅监测),或(3)主动控制训练(应对控制)。153 名压力大的成年人(平均年龄 32 岁;67%为女性;53%为白人,21.5%为黑人,21.5%为亚洲人,4%为其他种族)被随机分配到其中一种干预措施中。干预后,使用改良的特里尔社会应激测试评估皮质醇、血压和主观压力反应性。

结果

正如预测的那样,与仅监测和对照训练相比,监测+接受训练降低了皮质醇和收缩压反应性。所有三种条件下的参与者都报告了中等水平的主观压力。

结论

这项研究首次提供了实验证据,证明了简短的智能手机正念训练可以影响应激生物学,而接受训练则推动了这些效果。我们讨论了对沉思科学、情绪调节、压力和应对、健康和临床干预等领域的基础和应用研究的影响。

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