The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Jan;259:125-134. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.10.019. Epub 2017 Oct 10.
The present study analyzed the community functioning among Chinese people with common mental disorders and their relationships with different factors under the framework of Model of Human Occupation. The research team followed up a stratified random sample of 238 patients in three public psychiatric specialist outpatient clinics in Hong Kong in one year. The patients completed assessments at baseline and 12-month follow-up in four areas of community functioning (i.e., self-care, independent living skills, social skills, and work skills), self-esteem, self-efficacy, physical functioning, behavioral regulation, mental states, family expressed emotion, and perceived social stigma. The data showed that after 12 months, the patients had positive changes in self-care, work skills, and behavioral regulation. Those patients who had higher levels of self-esteem at baseline and reduced their negative reactions to stigma were more likely to improve social skills, while those patients who perceived less discrimination at baseline and enhanced their self-esteem would have a higher likelihood of making improvement in work skills. The findings implied that the rehabilitation services for people with common mental disorders might target on the enhancement of self-esteem and reduction of discrimination experience to facilitate their improvement in social skills and work skills.
本研究旨在以人类作业模式为理论框架，分析中国常见精神障碍患者的社区功能及其与不同因素的关系。研究团队对香港三间公立精神科专科门诊的 238 名患者进行了为期一年的分层随机抽样随访。患者在基线和 12 个月时完成了社区功能（即自我照顾、独立生活技能、社交技能和工作技能）、自尊、自我效能、身体功能、行为调节、心理状态、家庭情绪表达和感知社会耻辱感等四个方面的评估。研究数据显示，12 个月后，患者在自我照顾、工作技能和行为调节方面有积极的变化。那些在基线时自尊心水平较高且对耻辱感的负面反应减少的患者，更有可能提高社交技能；而那些在基线时感知到的歧视较少且自尊心增强的患者，更有可能提高工作技能。研究结果表明，针对常见精神障碍患者的康复服务可能需要针对自尊心的增强和歧视体验的减少，以促进其社交技能和工作技能的提高。
