Flórez Gerardo, Vila Xosé A, Lado María J, Cuesta Pedro, Ferrer Ventura, García Luis S, Crespo María R, Pérez Manuel
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Oviedo, Spain.
Psychopathology. 2017;50(5):334-341. doi: 10.1159/000479884. Epub 2017 Oct 18.
Nowadays, the assessment of psychopathy relies on semistructured interviews plus file reviews. In order to improve the predictive validity of psychopathy at the individual level, tools that are not based on the rating of signs and symptoms are in great need.
The present study was conducted in a representative sample of 204 Spanish sentenced inmates. These inmates have served at least 6 months of their sentence at the Pereiro de Aguiar (Ourense, Spain) penitentiary. Psychopathy signs and symptoms were scored through interview and file review. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) and heart rate variability (HRV) experiments were also conducted. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was performed as a control measure.
Spectral HRV indices were able to detect psychopathic inmates at a significant level, while IAT experiments and the IGT could not discriminate them. HRV indices showed a more significant difference when assessing the affective-interpersonal dimensions of psychopathy.
An HRV experiment is better than IAT in order to detect psychopathy in a representative sample of Spanish inmates.
如今，精神病态的评估依赖于半结构化访谈以及档案审查。为了提高精神病态在个体层面的预测效度，亟需不基于症状评分的工具。
本研究以204名西班牙被判刑囚犯的代表性样本进行。这些囚犯在佩雷罗·德阿吉亚尔（西班牙奥伦塞）监狱至少服刑6个月。通过访谈和档案审查对精神病态的症状进行评分。还进行了内隐联想测验（IAT）和心率变异性（HRV）实验。执行爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）作为对照措施。
频谱HRV指标能够在显著水平上检测出精神病态囚犯，而IAT实验和IGT无法区分他们。在评估精神病态的情感人际维度时，HRV指标显示出更显著的差异。
在西班牙囚犯的代表性样本中，HRV实验在检测精神病态方面优于IAT。
