Paulus Markus, Schmidt Marco F H
Developmental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80802 Munich, Germany.
International Junior Research Group Developmental Origins of Human Normativity, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80802 Munich, Germany.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2018 Jan;165:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2017.09.011. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
Normativity is pervasive in everyday human social interactions and perhaps even constitutive of human forms of group and societal living. During the past decade, there has been increased interest in the ontogeny of normativity and the role that norms play in early social reasoning and behavior. Given the ubiquity of normativity, it is vital to investigate the development of children's normative understanding and behavior in a variety of different contexts, ranging from prosocial behavior to rational action or from linguistic competencies to cultural norms and values. Hence, in this special issue on the early development of the normative mind, researchers from different theoretical traditions have employed a number of different methods (e.g., third-party norm enforcement, judgment and reasoning, social behavior) to address different, yet related, research questions about the ontogeny of normativity. Here, we introduce the reader to the current debate and point to important research questions for the field.
规范性在人类日常社会互动中普遍存在,甚至可能构成人类群体和社会生活的形式。在过去十年中,人们对规范性的个体发生以及规范在早期社会推理和行为中所起的作用越来越感兴趣。鉴于规范性无处不在,研究儿童在各种不同情境下规范性理解和行为的发展至关重要,这些情境涵盖从亲社会行为到理性行动,或从语言能力到文化规范和价值观等各个方面。因此,在这个关于规范性思维早期发展的特刊中,来自不同理论传统的研究人员采用了多种不同方法(如第三方规范执行、判断与推理、社会行为)来探讨关于规范性个体发生的不同但相关的研究问题。在此,我们向读者介绍当前的争论,并指出该领域重要的研究问题。