Phelan Alexandra L, Gostin Lawrence O
O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC, 20001, USA.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Jun 1;111(6):241-243. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trx044.
A One Health approach calls for multisectoral and multi-institutional cooperation and partnership across the interfaces of human, animal and ecosystem health risks. Without strong governance, these interfaces risk detaching, leaving gaps in capacities to prevent, detect and respond to emerging and persisting public health threats. As a crucial component of governance, law can act as the fixture between interfaces. We examine some of the many forms and foci of law and propose that the process of law-making, implementation and evaluation can provide a benefit for strengthening law as a fixture between One Health interfaces. To demonstrate this, we discuss three current examples of international legal instruments for emerging infectious diseases: the International Health Regulations, the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework and the Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance.
“同一健康”方法要求在人类、动物和生态系统健康风险的交叉领域开展多部门、多机构合作与伙伴关系。若没有强有力的治理，这些交叉领域可能脱节，从而在预防、发现和应对新出现及持续存在的公共卫生威胁的能力方面留下缺口。作为治理的关键组成部分，法律可成为交叉领域之间的固定纽带。我们研究了法律的多种形式和重点，并提出立法、执法和评估过程可为强化法律作为“同一健康”交叉领域之间的固定纽带带来益处。为证明这一点，我们讨论了当前三项针对新发传染病的国际法律文书实例：《国际卫生条例》、《大流行性流感防范框架》和《抗菌药物耐药性全球行动计划》。
