Joyce A L, Higbee B S, Haviland D R, Brailovsky H
University of California Merced.
Trece Inc.
J Econ Entomol. 2017 Dec 5;110(6):2576-2589. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox222.
Leaffooted plant bugs (LFPBs) (Leptoglossus spp., Guérin-Méneville) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) are large seed-feeding bugs native to the Western Hemisphere. In California, several Leptoglossus spp. feed on almonds, pistachios, and pomegranate and are occasional pests. The objective of this study was to survey the different species of Leptoglossus present in almond, pistachio, and pomegranate orchards in the Central Valley of California. We used two molecular markers, amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and mitochondrial DNA COI, to determine the number of species or strains of each species, and to infer whether individuals of each species move and possibly interbreed with populations from the other host plants. Two species of leaffooted bugs were abundant, Leptoglossus clypealis Heidemann, and Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas). L. clypealis was collected in almond and pistachio, while L. zonatus was found on all three host plants, but was the dominant species in pomegranate. The AFLP results indicated that L. clypealis consisted of one species, which suggests it moves between almonds and pistachios during the growing season. Mitochondrial DNA COI for L. clypealis found 1-2% divergence between sequences, and a high haplotype diversity of 0.979 with 17 haplotypes. The AFLP results for L. zonatus found two genetically divergent populations which were morphologically similar. The mtDNA COI sequences for L. zonatus were used for haplotype analysis; three haplotypes were found in California, with one haplotype shared with collections from Brazil. The importance of genetic variability and cryptic species for pest management are discussed.
叶足蝽象（LFPBs）（Leptoglossus属，盖兰 - 梅内维尔）（半翅目：缘蝽科）是原产于西半球的大型取食种子的蝽象。在加利福尼亚州，几种Leptoglossus属昆虫以杏仁、开心果和石榴为食，偶尔会成为害虫。本研究的目的是调查加利福尼亚州中央谷地杏仁、开心果和石榴果园中存在的不同种类的Leptoglossus。我们使用了两种分子标记，扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）和线粒体DNA细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI），来确定每个物种的种类或菌株数量，并推断每个物种的个体是否移动以及是否可能与其他寄主植物的种群杂交。有两种叶足蝽象数量较多，即Heidemann的Leptoglossus clypealis和（达拉斯的）Leptoglossus zonatus。L. clypealis采集于杏仁和开心果果园，而L. zonatus在所有三种寄主植物上均有发现，但在石榴园中是优势种。AFLP结果表明L. clypealis由一个物种组成，这表明它在生长季节在杏仁和开心果之间移动。L. clypealis线粒体DNA COI序列之间的差异为1 - 2%，单倍型多样性高，为0.979，有17种单倍型。L. zonatus的AFLP结果发现了两个形态相似但遗传上有差异的种群。L. zonatus的线粒体DNA COI序列用于单倍型分析；在加利福尼亚发现了三种单倍型，其中一种单倍型与来自巴西的样本相同。文中讨论了遗传变异性和隐存种在害虫管理中的重要性。
