Genome of . Pandoraea novymonadis, an Endosymbiotic Bacterium of the Trypanosomatid .

We have sequenced, annotated, and analyzed the genome of . Pandoraea novymonadis, a recently described bacterial endosymbiont of the trypanosomatid When compared with genomes of its free-living relatives, it has all the hallmarks of the endosymbionts' genomes, such as significantly reduced size, extensive gene loss, low GC content, numerous gene rearrangements, and low codon usage bias. In addition, . P. novymonadis lacks mobile elements, has a strikingly low number of pseudogenes, and almost all genes are single copied. This suggests that it already passed the intensive period of host adaptation, which still can be observed in the genome of , a certainly recent endosymbiont. Phylogenetically, . P. novymonadis is more related to , an intracytoplasmic bacterium of free-living ciliates, than to . Kinetoplastibacterium spp., the only other known endosymbionts of trypanosomatid flagellates. As judged by the extent of the overall genome reduction and the loss of particular metabolic abilities correlating with the increasing dependence of the symbiont on its host, . P. novymonadis occupies an intermediate position and . Kinetoplastibacterium spp. We conclude that the relationships between . P. novymonadis and are well-established, although not as fine-tuned as in the case of Strigomonadinae and their endosymbionts.