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福岛第一核电站事故污染土壤中 U、Pu 和 Pu 的同位素组成。

Isotopic compositions of U, Pu, and Pu in soil contaminated by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident.

机构信息

Department of Radiation Chemistry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8564, Japan.

Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Beijing, 100049, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 19;7(1):13619. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13998-6.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-13998-6
PMID:29051607
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5648813/
Abstract

Six years after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, data for U and U/U have remained limited to a few heavily contaminated samples. In the present study, activities of U, Pu, and Pu, along with other U isotopes in 46 soil samples both heavily and lightly contaminated by this accident were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and triple-quadrupole ICP-MS. The U activities and U/U atom ratios in these soil samples were in the range of (0.469-24.4) × 10 Bq kg and ((0.099-1.35) × 10), respectively. Higher Pu/Pu atom ratios (0.245-0.312) and Pu/Pu activity ratios (0.859-1.62) indicated Pu contamination originated from this accident and global fallout in some samples. For those soil samples along with black substances collected along roads in Fukushima Prefecture, high linear correlations were presented between U activities and Pu activities (Pearson's r = 0.755, p < 0.01), and between U activities and Pu activities (Pearson's r = 0.844, p < 0.01). The analysis of these soil samples confirmed the release of U, although in trace amounts, during the FDNPP accident.

摘要

福岛第一核电站（FDNPP）事故发生六年后，U 和 U/U 的数据仍然仅限于少数受污染严重的样本。在本研究中，使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）和三重四极杆 ICP-MS 测量了 46 个受该事故严重和轻度污染的土壤样本中 U、Pu 和 Pu 以及其他 U 同位素的活度。这些土壤样本中的 U 活度和 U/U 原子比分别在（0.469-24.4）×10 Bq kg 和（0.099-1.35）×10 范围内。较高的 Pu/Pu 原子比（0.245-0.312）和 Pu/Pu 活度比（0.859-1.62）表明 Pu 污染来自该事故和一些样本中的全球沉降。对于那些与福岛县道路上收集的黑色物质一起的土壤样本，U 活度和 Pu 活度之间呈现出高度线性相关性（Pearson r=0.755，p<0.01），以及 U 活度和 Pu 活度之间呈现出高度线性相关性（Pearson r=0.844，p<0.01）。这些土壤样本的分析证实了 FDNPP 事故期间 U 的释放，尽管释放量很小。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/3d991ec03938/41598_2017_13998_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/ca8800a5dbb8/41598_2017_13998_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/47c6572ad12f/41598_2017_13998_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/5bcbebbe775c/41598_2017_13998_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/9a8c34399413/41598_2017_13998_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/3d991ec03938/41598_2017_13998_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/ca8800a5dbb8/41598_2017_13998_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/47c6572ad12f/41598_2017_13998_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/5bcbebbe775c/41598_2017_13998_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/9a8c34399413/41598_2017_13998_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/aa3f/5648813/3d991ec03938/41598_2017_13998_Fig5_HTML.jpg

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135Cs activity and 135Cs/137Cs atom ratio in environmental samples before and after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident.福岛第一核电站事故前后环境样本中的¹³⁵Cs活度及¹³⁵Cs/¹³⁷Cs原子比。
Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 7;6:24119. doi: 10.1038/srep24119.
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Rapid determination of ¹³⁵Cs and precise ¹³⁵Cs/¹³⁷Cs atomic ratio in environmental samples by single-column chromatography coupled to triple-quadrupole inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.
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