Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
J Neurooncol. 2017 Dec;135(3):423-432. doi: 10.1007/s11060-017-2626-2. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
Glioblastoma is the most deadly brain tumor type and is characterized by a severe and high rate of angiogenesis, remaining an incurable disease in the majority of cases. Mechanistic understanding of glioblastoma initiation and progression is complicated by the complexity of genetic and/or environmental initiating events and lack of clarity regarding the cell or tissue of origin. To determine these mechanisms, mouse models that recapitulate the molecular and histological characteristics of glioblastoma are required. Unlike in other malignancies, viral-mediated mouse models of glioblastoma rather than chemically induced mouse models have been developed because of its sensitivity to viruses. Based on recent molecular analyses reported for human glioblastoma, this review critically evaluates genetically engineered, xenograft, allograft, viral-mediated, and chemically induced mouse models of glioblastoma. Further, we focus on the clinical value of these models by examining their contributions to studies of glioblastoma prevention, tumorigenesis, and chemoresistance.
胶质母细胞瘤是最致命的脑肿瘤类型，其特征是严重且高血管生成率，在大多数情况下仍是一种无法治愈的疾病。由于遗传和/或环境起始事件的复杂性以及对起源细胞或组织缺乏明确性，胶质母细胞瘤的发生和进展的机制理解变得复杂。为了确定这些机制，需要能够重现胶质母细胞瘤分子和组织学特征的小鼠模型。与其他恶性肿瘤不同，由于其对病毒的敏感性，已经开发出病毒介导的而非化学诱导的小鼠胶质母细胞瘤模型，而不是化学诱导的小鼠模型。基于最近报道的人类胶质母细胞瘤的分子分析，本文对基因工程、异种移植、同种异体移植、病毒介导和化学诱导的胶质母细胞瘤小鼠模型进行了批判性评估。此外，我们通过研究这些模型在胶质母细胞瘤预防、肿瘤发生和化疗耐药性研究中的贡献，关注这些模型的临床价值。
