Langland-Hassan Peter, Gauker Christopher, Richardson Michael J, Dietz Aimee, Faries Frank R
Department of Philosophy, Center for Cognition, Action & Perception, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Cultural and Social Sciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2017 Nov;181:62-74. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.10.004. Epub 2017 Oct 25.
This study examines the relation of language use to a person's ability to perform categorization tasks and to assess their own abilities in those categorization tasks. A silent rhyming task was used to confirm that a group of people with post-stroke aphasia (PWA) had corresponding covert language production (or "inner speech") impairments. The performance of the PWA was then compared to that of age- and education-matched healthy controls on three kinds of categorization tasks and on metacognitive self-assessments of their performance on those tasks. The PWA showed no deficits in their ability to categorize objects for any of the three trial types (visual, thematic, and categorial). However, on the categorial trials, their metacognitive assessments of whether they had categorized correctly were less reliable than those of the control group. The categorial trials were distinguished from the others by the fact that the categorization could not be based on some immediately perceptible feature or on the objects' being found together in a type of scenario or setting. This result offers preliminary evidence for a link between covert language use and a specific form of metacognition.
本研究考察了语言使用与一个人执行分类任务的能力以及评估自己在这些分类任务中的能力之间的关系。使用了一项无声押韵任务来确认一组中风后失语症患者（PWA）存在相应的隐蔽语言产生（或“内心言语”）障碍。然后，将PWA在三种分类任务以及对这些任务表现的元认知自我评估方面的表现与年龄和教育程度相匹配的健康对照组进行比较。PWA在三种试验类型（视觉、主题和范畴）中的任何一种对物体进行分类的能力上均未表现出缺陷。然而，在范畴试验中，他们对自己是否正确分类的元认知评估不如对照组可靠。范畴试验与其他试验的区别在于，分类不能基于某些直接可感知的特征，也不能基于物体在某种场景或环境中同时出现。这一结果为隐蔽语言使用与一种特定形式的元认知之间的联系提供了初步证据。
